अयस्

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Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit अयस् (ayas).

Pronunciation

Noun

अयस् (ayasm (Urdu spelling ایس) (rare)

  1. iron
    Synonyms: लोहा (lohā), लोह (loh)

Declension

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háyas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éyos (metal). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬵 (aiiah) Latin aes, Old English ār (whence English ore).

Pronunciation

Noun

अयस् (áyas) stemn

  1. metal; copper
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.47.10:
      इन्द्र॑ मृ॒ळ मह्यं॑ जी॒वातु॑मिच्छ चो॒दय॒ धिय॒म्अय॑सो॒ न धारा॑म्।
      यत्किं चा॒हं त्वा॒युरि॒दं वदा॑मि॒ तज्जु॑षस्व कृ॒धि मा॑ दे॒वव॑न्तम्॥
      índra mṛḷá máhyaṃ jīvā́tumiccha codáya dhíyamáyaso ná dhā́rām.
      yátkíṃ cāháṃ tvāyúridáṃ vádāmi tájjuṣasva kṛdhí mā devávantam.
      Be gracious, Indra, let my days be lengthened: sharpen my thought as it were a blade of copper[1]
      Approve whatever words I speak, dependent on you, and grant me your divine protection.
  2. iron ŚBr.[2] R.
  3. iron weapon

Declension

Neuter as-stem declension of अयस् (áyas)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative अयः
áyaḥ
अयसी
áyasī
अयांसि
áyāṃsi
Vocative अयः
áyaḥ
अयसी
áyasī
अयांसि
áyāṃsi
Accusative अयः
áyaḥ
अयसी
áyasī
अयांसि
áyāṃsi
Instrumental अयसा
áyasā
अयोभ्याम्
áyobhyām
अयोभिः
áyobhiḥ
Dative अयसे
áyase
अयोभ्याम्
áyobhyām
अयोभ्यः
áyobhyaḥ
Ablative अयसः
áyasaḥ
अयोभ्याम्
áyobhyām
अयोभ्यः
áyobhyaḥ
Genitive अयसः
áyasaḥ
अयसोः
áyasoḥ
अयसाम्
áyasām
Locative अयसि
áyasi
अयसोः
áyasoḥ
अयःसु
áyaḥsu

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀅𑀬 (aya)
  • Pali: aya, ayo

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “अयस्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 85, column 1.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) “áyas-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 104
  1. ^ Jamison, Stephanie W., Brereton, Joel P., transl. (2014), The Rigveda: The Earliest Religious Poetry of India, volume I-II, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 836
  2. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “áyas-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University