यन्त्र

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Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *yem-tró-m (“instrument of restraining”), from *yem- (“to hold, to restrain”). See also the root यम् (yam).

Pronunciation

Noun

यन्त्र • (yantrá) stem, n

  1. any instrument for holding or restraining or fastening, a prop, support, barrier; a fetter, band, tie, thong, rein
    • c. 1500 BCE – 1000 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.149.1:
      सविता यन्त्रैः पृथिवीमरम्णादस्कम्भने सविता द्यामदृंहत् ।
      savitā yantraiḥ pṛthivīmaramṇādaskambhane savitā dyāmadṛṃhat.
      Savitar fixed the earth with fetters to bind it, and made heaven stedfast where no prop supported.
  2. a surgical instrument (especially a blunt one, such as tweezers)
  3. any instrument or apparatus, mechanical contrivance, engine, machine, implement, appliance (as a bolt or lock on a door, oars or sails in a boat. etc.)
  4. restraint, force
  5. an amulet, mystical diagram supposed to possess occult powers
  6. (modern) a machine

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of यन्त्र
singular dual plural
nominative यन्त्रम् (yantrám) यन्त्रे (yantré) यन्त्राणि (yantrā́ṇi)
यन्त्रा¹ (yantrā́¹)
accusative यन्त्रम् (yantrám) यन्त्रे (yantré) यन्त्राणि (yantrā́ṇi)
यन्त्रा¹ (yantrā́¹)
instrumental यन्त्रेण (yantréṇa) यन्त्राभ्याम् (yantrā́bhyām) यन्त्रैः (yantraíḥ)
यन्त्रेभिः¹ (yantrébhiḥ¹)
dative यन्त्राय (yantrā́ya) यन्त्राभ्याम् (yantrā́bhyām) यन्त्रेभ्यः (yantrébhyaḥ)
ablative यन्त्रात् (yantrā́t) यन्त्राभ्याम् (yantrā́bhyām) यन्त्रेभ्यः (yantrébhyaḥ)
genitive यन्त्रस्य (yantrásya) यन्त्रयोः (yantráyoḥ) यन्त्राणाम् (yantrā́ṇām)
locative यन्त्रे (yantré) यन्त्रयोः (yantráyoḥ) यन्त्रेषु (yantréṣu)
vocative यन्त्र (yántra) यन्त्रे (yántre) यन्त्राणि (yántrāṇi)
यन्त्रा¹ (yántrā¹)
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

Borrowings

References

  1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) “yantrám”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen ‎ (in German), volume III, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 7

Further reading

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