हृ

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Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Of uncertain origin.

The traditional derivation by Pokorny from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to want, yearn”)[1] (whence हर्य् (hary, “to like, delight in”)),[2] is not mentioned at all by Mayrhofer, who suggests a partial relation to भृ (bhṛ, “to bear, carry”), as well as contamination by both भृ (bhṛ) and घृ (ghṛ, “to besprinkle, moisten”). He mentions that ascertaining the ultimate origins of हृ (hṛ) is difficult due to the semantic overlap described above.[3][4]

An alternative theory by de Vaan derives the root from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to enclose”), comparing to Latin cohors (“farmyard, cohort”).[5] It is possible that the potential relations discussed above have all influenced the formation of the Sanskrit root.

Root

हृ • (hṛ)

  1. to take
Derived terms
Sanskrit terms belonging to the root हृ (0 c, 12 e)
Terms derived from the Sanskrit root हृ (7 c, 0 e)
Primary Verbal Forms
Secondary Forms
Non-Finite Forms
Derived Nominal Forms
Prefixed Root Forms

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰárH- (“vex; to be upset”), and cognate with Persian آزردن (âzordan, “to annoy, torment”).[6]

Root

हृ • (hṛ)

  1. to be angry or wroth
Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 440
  2. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “har⁽ᶦ⁾ ”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 222-3
  3. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 803-4; 805
  4. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎ (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 578-9; 604-5
  5. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “cohors, -tis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 123
  6. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*zarH2”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 469
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