ἅγιος

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See also: άγιος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *hágijos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yáǵ-yo-s, from *h₁yaǵ- (to sacrifice, worship).[1]

Pronunciation

 

Adjective

ἅγιος (hágiosm (feminine ἁγίᾱ, neuter ἅγῐον); first/second declension

  1. devoted to the gods
  2. of things: sacred, holy
    • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.41.5:
      ἐν ταύτῃ ὦ τῇ Προσωπίτιδι νήσῳ ἔνεισι μὲν καὶ ἄλλαι πόλιες συχναί, ἐκ τῆς δὲ αἱ βάριες παραγίνονται ἀναιρησόμεναι τὰ ὀστέα τῶν βοῶν, οὔνομα τῇ πόλι Ἀτάρβηχις, ἐν δ’ αὐτῇ Ἀφροδίτης ἱρὸν ἅγιον ἵδρυται.
      en taútēi ô têi Prosōpítidi nḗsōi éneisi mèn kaì állai pólies sukhnaí, ek tês dè hai báries paragínontai anairēsómenai tà ostéa tôn boôn, oúnoma têi póli Atárbēkhis, en d’ autêi Aphrodítēs hiròn hágion hídrutai.
      • 1920 translation by A. D. Godley
        There are many other towns on Prosopitis; the one from which the boats come to gather the bones of the bulls is called Atarbekhis; a temple of Aphrodite stands in it of great sanctity.
  3. of people: holy, pious, pure
  4. accursed

Declension

Descendants

  • Greek: άγιος (ágios)
  • Coptic: ϩⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ (hagios)
  • English: hagio-
  • French: hagio-

Noun

ἅγιος (hágiosm (genitive ἁγίου); second declension

  1. (Koine, biblical) A Christian
    • 53 CE – 55 CE, Paul the Apostle, First Epistle to the Corinthians 6:1:
      Τολμᾷ τις ὑμῶν, πρᾶγμα ἔχων πρὸς τὸν ἕτερον, κρίνεσθαι ἐπὶ τῶν ἀδίκων καὶ οὐχὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἁγίων;
      Tolmâi tis humôn, prâgma ékhōn pròs tòn héteron, krínesthai epì tôn adíkōn kaì oukhì epì tôn hagíōn;
      • Translation by King James Version
        Dare any of you, having a matter against another, go to law before the unjust, and not before the saints?
  2. (Koine, Byzantine) a saint

Declension

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἅγιος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 11-2

Further reading