ῥαίνω

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Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *uh₁r-. Cognates include Latin ūrīnor, Old Armenian գայռ (gayṙ), and Sanskrit वार् (vā́r), वारि (vā́ri).

Pronunciation

 

Verb

ῥαίνω (rhaínō)

  1. to sprinkle
    Synonyms: πᾰλῠ́νω (palúnō), πᾰ́σσω (pássō), ῥᾰντῐ́ζω (rhantízō)
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.431:
      πάντῃ δὴ πύργοι καὶ ἐπάλξιες αἵματι φωτῶν ἐρράδατ’ ἀμφοτέρωθεν
      pántēi dḕ púrgoi kaì epálxies haímati phōtôn errhádat’ amphotérōthen
      Yea, everywhere the walls and battlements were sprinkled with blood of men from both sides
    • 405 BCE, Aristophanes, The Frogs 1441:
      εἰ ναυμαχοῖεν κᾆτ’ ἔχοντες ὀξίδας ῥαίνοιεν ἐς τὰ βλέφαρα τῶν ἐναντίων.
      ei naumakhoîen kâit’ ékhontes oxídas rhaínoien es tà bléphara tôn enantíōn.
      If there were a sea battle, and then they had bottles of vinegar, they could sprinkle them in the enemies' eyes.
    1. (figuratively)
      • 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 8.57:
        χαίρων δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς
        Ἀλκμᾶνα στεφάνοισι βάλλω, ῥαίνω δὲ καὶ ὕμνῳ
        khaírōn dè kaì autòs
        Alkmâna stephánoisi bállō, rhaínō dè kaì húmnōi
        And I myself rejoice as I fling garlands over Alcmaeon and sprinkle him with song
    2. to sprinkle water

Inflection

Other forms attested: Epic third-person plural perfect indicative passive ἐρράδαται and similar pluperfect ἐρράδατο.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Further reading