平安

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Chinese

flat; level; equal
flat; level; equal; to make the same score; to tie; to draw; calm; peaceful
 
content; calm; still
content; calm; still; quiet; to pacify; peace; how
 
trad. (平安) 平 安
simp. #(平安) 平 安
anagram 安平
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Pronunciation

Rime
Character 平 安
Reading # 2/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 庚 (111) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III I
Fanqie 符兵切 烏寒切
Baxter bjaeng 'an
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bˠiæŋ/ /ʔɑn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/bᵚiaŋ/ /ʔɑn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/biaŋ/ /ʔɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/biajŋ/ /ʔan/
Li
Rong 		/biɐŋ/ /ʔɑn/
Wang
Li 		/bĭɐŋ/ /ɑn/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/bʱi̯ɐŋ/ /ʔɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		píng ān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ping4 on1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 平 安 安 安
Reading # 2/3 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		píng ān ān ān
Middle
Chinese 		‹ bjæng › ‹ 'an › ‹ 'an › ‹ 'an ›
Old
Chinese 		/*breŋ/ /*ˁa/ /*ˁa/ /*ˁa/
English even (adj.) peace(ful) how 安息 Ānxī (Iranian country in the western regions, W. Hàn; from Aršaka = Arsaces, founder of the Arsacid dynasty)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 平 安
Reading # 2/2 1/1
No. 9818 11
Phonetic
component 		平 安
Rime
group 		耕 元
Rime
subdivision 		0 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		平 安
Old
Chinese 		/*beŋ/ /*qaːn/

Adjective

平安

  1. safe and sound; safe; peaceful
  2. (literary, of one's mind) peaceful and at ease

Synonyms

  • (safe and sound):

Antonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (平安):

Others:

Noun

平安

  1. (～卦) A combination 二上三中二下 in the Lingqijing.

Proper noun

平安

  1. (～區) Ping'an District (a district of Qinghai, China)
  2. (～鄉) Ping'an (a township in Fengjie, Chongqing, China)
  3. (～社區) Ping'an (a residential community of Dongsheng, Shishou, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
平 安
へい
Grade: 3 		あん
Grade: 3
kan'on on'yomi

Etymology

Coined as a compound of Middle Chinese-derived elements 平 (hei, “even, steady, flat”) +‎ 安 (an, “peace, ease”).

First cited to 728 CE in the Shoku Nihongi.[1]

Pronunciation

Adjective

平(へい)安(あん) • (heian) -na (adnominal 平(へい)安(あん)な (heian na), adverbial 平(へい)安(あん)に (heian ni))

  1. peaceful

Inflection

Inflection of 平安
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 平安だろ へいあんだろ heian daro
Continuative (連用形) 平安で へいあんで heian de
Terminal (終止形) 平安だ へいあんだ heian da
Attributive (連体形) 平安な へいあんな heian na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 平安なら へいあんなら heian nara
Imperative (命令形) 平安であれ へいあんであれ heian de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 平安ではない
平安じゃない 		へいあんではない
へいあんじゃない 		heian de wa nai
heian ja nai
Informal past 平安だった へいあんだった heian datta
Informal negative past 平安ではなかった
平安じゃなかった 		へいあんではなかった
へいあんじゃなかった 		heian de wa nakatta
heian ja nakatta
Formal 平安です へいあんです heian desu
Formal negative 平安ではありません
平安じゃありません 		へいあんではありません
へいあんじゃありません 		heian de wa arimasen
heian ja arimasen
Formal past 平安でした へいあんでした heian deshita
Formal negative past 平安ではありませんでした
平安じゃありませんでした 		へいあんではありませんでした
へいあんじゃありませんでした 		heian de wa arimasen deshita
heian ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 平安で へいあんで heian de
Conditional 平安なら（ば） へいあんなら（ば） heian nara (ba)
Provisional 平安だったら へいあんだったら heian dattara
Volitional 平安だろう へいあんだろう heian darō
Adverbial 平安に へいあんに heian ni
Degree 平安さ へいあんさ heiansa
Classical conjugation of "平安なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 平安なら へいあんなら feiannara
Continuative (連用形) 平安に
平安なり		 へいあんに
へいあんなり		 feianni
feiannari
Terminal (終止形) 平安なり へいあんなり feiannari
Attributive (連体形) 平安なる へいあんなる feiannaru
Realis (已然形) 平安なれ へいあんなれ feiannare
Imperative (命令形) 平安なれ へいあんなれ feiannare
Key constructions
Negative 平安ならず へいあんならず feiannarazu
Contrasting conjunction 平安なれど へいあんなれど feiannaredo
Causal conjunction 平安なれば へいあんなれば feiannareba
Conditional conjunction 平安ならば へいあんならば feiannaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 平安なりき へいあんなりき feiannariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 平安なりけり へいあんなりけり feiannarikeri
Adverbial 平安に へいあんに feianni
Without auxiliary verb.
With auxiliary verb.

Noun

平(へい)安(あん) • (heian) 

  1. peace

Synonyms

Proper noun

平(へい)安(あん) • (Heian) 

  1. abbreviation of 平(へい)安(あん)時(じ)代(だい) (Heian jidai, “the Heian period of Japanese history”)

References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  • 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
平安

Proper noun

平安 • (Pyeong'an) (hangeul 평안)

  1. hanja form? of 평안 (“Pyongan”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
平安

Adjective

平安

  1. chữ Hán form of bình yên (“tranquil; peaceful”).
  2. chữ Hán form of bình an (“tranquil; peaceful”).
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