травить

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Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *traviti.

Cognate with Old Church Slavonic травити (traviti), Ukrainian трави́ти (travýty), Serbo-Croatian trovati, Czech trávit, Slovak trávit᾽, Polish trawić (first singular trawię).

Further cognate with Ancient Greek τρώω (trṓō, to hurt), τιτρώσκω (titrṓskō), τρύ̄ω (trú̄ō), Old High German drawa (threat), drōа (threat), Old English þrēа (threat, punishment). More distantly related to тере́ть (terétʹ, to rub).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

трави́ть (travítʹimpf

  1. to poison
    трави́ть крыс (тарака́нов)travítʹ krys (tarakánov)to exterminate/destroy rats (cockroaches)
    трави́ть душу кому́-либоtravítʹ dušu komú-liboto make someone feel sore at heart; disturb someone's peace of mind
    Perfective: отрави́ть (otravítʹ)
  2. to etch
    Perfective: вы́травить (výtravitʹ)
  3. (grass) to trample down, to spoil, to damage
    Perfective: потрави́ть (potravítʹ)
  4. to hunt
    трави́ть соба́камиtravítʹ sobákamito set the dogs (on)
    Perfective: затрави́ть (zatravítʹ)
  5. to persecute, to badger, to torment
    Perfective: затрави́ть (zatravítʹ)
  6. (nautical) to pay out, to slacken out, to slack away, to ease out, to veer
    бы́стро трави́тьbýstro travítʹto slack away roundly
  7. (colloquial) to tell
    трави́ть анекдо́тыtravítʹ anekdótyto tell jokes
    трави́ть ба́йкиtravítʹ bájkito tell tall tales

Conjugation

Derived terms

verbs

References

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “травить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress