असुर

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See also: असर

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit असुर (asura).

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ə.sʊɾ/,

Noun

असुर • (asur) m (Urdu spelling اسر)

  1. (Hinduism) a demon, an asura

Declension

Declension of असुर (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct असुर
asur 		असुर
asur
oblique असुर
asur 		असुरों
asurõ
vocative असुर
asur 		असुरो
asuro

Descendants

  • → English: asur

See also

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

Noun

असुर m

  1. Devanagari script form of asura

Sanskrit

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hásuras, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hásuras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ń̥suros.

Related to असु (asu-), with several possible etymologies and meanings. In the context of asura conventionally associated with asu- in the sense of "master of the house". This meaning is not further narrowed by its etymology: cf. Avestan 𐬀𐬵𐬎 (ahu, “lord; life, existence”) and 𐬀𐬵𐬎𐬭𐬀 (ahura, “lord”), Hittite 𒈗 (ḫaššū, “king”), Old Norse æsir (“gods”) and Old English ōs (“god”). Possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ens- (“to engender, beget”).

The Brahmanas and the Puranas derive asura from another asu-, "breath", a cognate of which is found in Av. ahu-, "life, existence". In yet other post-Vedic Sanskrit literature, asura was back-formed as a-sura, "non-sura", with sura then associated with a group of gods who inhabit Indra's domain.

Pronunciation

Noun

असुर • (asura) stem, m

  1. spirit, good spirit, supreme spirit (said of Varuna)
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 8.25.4:
      म॒हान्ता॑ मि॒त्रावरु॑णा स॒म्राजा॑ दे॒वाव्असु॑रा।
      ऋ॒तावा॑नावृ॒तमा घो॑षतो बृ॒हत्॥
      mahā́ntā mitrā́váruṇā samrā́jā devā́vásurā.
      ṛtā́vānāvṛtámā́ ghoṣato bṛhát.
      Great Mitra and Varuṇa, sovereign kings, gods and spirits truth-possessing, loudly sound their lofty truth.
  2. the chief of the evil spirits
  3. an evil spirit, demon, ghost, opponent of the gods
  4. name of Rāhu
  5. the sun
  6. cloud
  7. (in the plural) name of a warrior-tribe
  8. name of a Vedic school
  9. zodiacal sign
  10. Sinapis ramosa (in later Sanskrit सुर (sura) has been formed from असुर (asura), as सित (sita), from असित (asita))

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of असुर (ásura)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative असुरः
ásuraḥ 		असुरौ / असुरा¹
ásurau / ásurā¹ 		असुराः / असुरासः¹
ásurāḥ / ásurāsaḥ¹
Vocative असुर
ásura 		असुरौ / असुरा¹
ásurau / ásurā¹ 		असुराः / असुरासः¹
ásurāḥ / ásurāsaḥ¹
Accusative असुरम्
ásuram 		असुरौ / असुरा¹
ásurau / ásurā¹ 		असुरान्
ásurān
Instrumental असुरेण
ásureṇa 		असुराभ्याम्
ásurābhyām 		असुरैः / असुरेभिः¹
ásuraiḥ / ásurebhiḥ¹
Dative असुराय
ásurāya 		असुराभ्याम्
ásurābhyām 		असुरेभ्यः
ásurebhyaḥ
Ablative असुरात्
ásurāt 		असुराभ्याम्
ásurābhyām 		असुरेभ्यः
ásurebhyaḥ
Genitive असुरस्य
ásurasya 		असुरयोः
ásurayoḥ 		असुराणाम्
ásurāṇām
Locative असुरे
ásure 		असुरयोः
ásurayoḥ 		असुरेषु
ásureṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

Further reading

Wikious
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Sagapedia