उपसर्ग

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Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit उपसर्ग (upasarga).

Pronunciation

Noun

उपसर्ग (upsargm (Urdu spelling اپسرگ)

  1. (grammar) prefix
    Antonym: प्रत्यय (pratyay)

Declension

Sanskrit

Pronunciation

Noun

उपसर्ग (upasarga) stemm

  1. A nipāta (particle) with prepositional and/or adverbial force canonically prefixable to verbs or nouns, of which there are formally twenty or so, and in contrast to gati and cvi prefixes.
  2. (in relation to the Veda) a separable preverb
    1. अति (áti), अधि (ádhi), अभि (abhí), (ā́), अनु (ánu),अव (áva), अप (ápa), अपि (ápi),[1] उप (úpa), उद्- (ud), वि (), सम् (sám), प्र- (prá), परि (pári),परा (párā), प्रति (práti), नि (), निस् (nís), सु (), दुस् (dus), अन्तर् (antár), अच्छ (áccha, ácchā)[2]

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of उपसर्ग (upasarga)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative उपसर्गः
upasargaḥ
उपसर्गौ / उपसर्गा¹
upasargau / upasargā¹
उपसर्गाः / उपसर्गासः¹
upasargāḥ / upasargāsaḥ¹
Vocative उपसर्ग
upasarga
उपसर्गौ / उपसर्गा¹
upasargau / upasargā¹
उपसर्गाः / उपसर्गासः¹
upasargāḥ / upasargāsaḥ¹
Accusative उपसर्गम्
upasargam
उपसर्गौ / उपसर्गा¹
upasargau / upasargā¹
उपसर्गान्
upasargān
Instrumental उपसर्गेण
upasargeṇa
उपसर्गाभ्याम्
upasargābhyām
उपसर्गैः / उपसर्गेभिः¹
upasargaiḥ / upasargebhiḥ¹
Dative उपसर्गाय
upasargāya
उपसर्गाभ्याम्
upasargābhyām
उपसर्गेभ्यः
upasargebhyaḥ
Ablative उपसर्गात्
upasargāt
उपसर्गाभ्याम्
upasargābhyām
उपसर्गेभ्यः
upasargebhyaḥ
Genitive उपसर्गस्य
upasargasya
उपसर्गयोः
upasargayoḥ
उपसर्गाणाम्
upasargāṇām
Locative उपसर्गे
upasarge
उपसर्गयोः
upasargayoḥ
उपसर्गेषु
upasargeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Descendants

  • Old Javanese: upasarga

References

  1. ^ predominantly used prepositionally in the classical language
  2. ^ only in Vedic