गुरु

Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word गुरु. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word गुरु, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say गुरु in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word गुरु you have here. The definition of the word गुरु will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition ofगुरु, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit गुरु (guru).

Pronunciation

  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /ɡʊ.ɾuː/

Adjective

गुरु (guru) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling گرو)

  1. heavy
    Synonym: भारी (bhārī)

Derived terms

Noun

गुरु (gurum (Urdu spelling گرو)

  1. guru, teacher, sage
  2. (astronomy) Jupiter
  3. (slang, sarcastic) a smartass

Declension

Nepali

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गुरु (guru).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Phonetic Devanagari: गुरु

Noun

गुरु (guru)

  1. teacher, guru
  2. mentor

Declension

Declension of गुरु
Singular Plural
nominative गुरु गुरुहरू
accusative गुरुलाई गुरुहरूलाई
instrumental/ergative गुरुले गुरुहरूले
dative गुरुलाई गुरुहरूलाई
ablative गुरुबाट गुरुहरूबाट
genitive गुरुको गुरुहरूको
locative गुरुमा गुरुहरूमा
Notes:
  • -को (-ko) becomes:
    • -का (-kā) when followed by a plural noun.
    • -की (-kī) when followed by a feminine noun.

References

  • गुरु”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎, Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
  • Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “गुरु”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar

Pali

Alternative forms

Adjective

गुरु

  1. Devanagari script form of guru (“heavy”)

Declension

Noun

गुरु m

  1. Devanagari script form of guru (“teacher”)

Declension

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *gr̥Húṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥Húš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₂ús (heavy). Cognate with Ancient Greek βαρύς (barús), Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌿𐍃 (kaurus, burdensome), Latin gravis, Persian گران (gerân).

Pronunciation

Adjective

गुरु (gurú) stem (comparative गरीयस् or गुरुतर, superlative गरिष्ठ or गुरुतम)

  1. heavy, weighty
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.5.6:
      इ॒दं मे॑ अग्ने॒ किय॑ते पाव॒कामि॑नते गु॒रुं भा॒रं न मन्म॑।
      बृ॒हद्द॑धाथ धृष॒ता ग॑भी॒रं य॒ह्वं पृ॒ष्ठं प्रय॑सा स॒प्तधा॑तु॥
      idáṃ me agne kíyate pāvakā́minate gurúṃ bhāráṃ ná mánma.
      bṛháddadhātha dhṛṣatā́ gabhīráṃ yahváṃ pṛṣṭháṃ práyasā saptádhātu.
      Purifier, Agni, bestow on me, not neglecting your worship, this acceptable and vast wealth, like a heavy load on a feeble bearer, together with invigorating food; wealth, secure, abundant, tangible, and consisting of the seven elements.
  2. heavy in the stomach (food), difficult to digest
  3. great, large, extended, long
  4. (prosody) long by nature or position (a vowel)
  5. high in degree, vehement, violent, excessive, difficult, hard
  6. grievous
  7. important, serious, momentous
  8. valuable, highly prized
  9. haughty, proud (speech)
  10. venerable, respectable

Declension

Masculine u-stem declension of गुरु (gurú)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative गुरुः
gurúḥ
गुरू
gurū́
गुरवस्
guravás
Vocative गुरो
gúro
गुरू
gúrū
गुरवस्
gúravas
Accusative गुरुम्
gurúm
गुरू
gurū́
गुरून्
gurū́n
Instrumental गुरुणा / गुर्वा¹
gurúṇā / gurvā́¹
गुरुभ्याम्
gurúbhyām
गुरुभिः
gurúbhiḥ
Dative गुरवे / गुर्वे¹
guráve / gurvé¹
गुरुभ्याम्
gurúbhyām
गुरुभ्यः
gurúbhyaḥ
Ablative गुरोः / गुर्वः¹
guróḥ / gurváḥ¹
गुरुभ्याम्
gurúbhyām
गुरुभ्यः
gurúbhyaḥ
Genitive गुरोः / गुर्वः¹
guróḥ / gurváḥ¹
गुर्वोः
gurvóḥ
गुरूणाम्
gurūṇā́m
Locative गुरौ
guraú
गुर्वोः
gurvóḥ
गुरुषु
gurúṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
Feminine ī-stem declension of गुर्वी (gurvī)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative गुर्वी
gurvī
गुर्व्यौ / गुर्वी¹
gurvyau / gurvī¹
गुर्व्यः / गुर्वीः¹
gurvyaḥ / gurvīḥ¹
Vocative गुर्वि
gurvi
गुर्व्यौ / गुर्वी¹
gurvyau / gurvī¹
गुर्व्यः / गुर्वीः¹
gurvyaḥ / gurvīḥ¹
Accusative गुर्वीम्
gurvīm
गुर्व्यौ / गुर्वी¹
gurvyau / gurvī¹
गुर्वीः
gurvīḥ
Instrumental गुर्व्या
gurvyā
गुर्वीभ्याम्
gurvībhyām
गुर्वीभिः
gurvībhiḥ
Dative गुर्व्यै
gurvyai
गुर्वीभ्याम्
gurvībhyām
गुर्वीभ्यः
gurvībhyaḥ
Ablative गुर्व्याः / गुर्व्यै²
gurvyāḥ / gurvyai²
गुर्वीभ्याम्
gurvībhyām
गुर्वीभ्यः
gurvībhyaḥ
Genitive गुर्व्याः / गुर्व्यै²
gurvyāḥ / gurvyai²
गुर्व्योः
gurvyoḥ
गुर्वीणाम्
gurvīṇām
Locative गुर्व्याम्
gurvyām
गुर्व्योः
gurvyoḥ
गुर्वीषु
gurvīṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Brāhmaṇas
Neuter u-stem declension of गुरु (gurú)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative गुरु
gurú
गुरुणी
gurúṇī
गुरूणि / गुरु¹ / गुरू¹
gurū́ṇi / gurú¹ / gurū́¹
Vocative गुरु / गुरो
gúru / gúro
गुरुणी
gúruṇī
गुरूणि / गुरु¹ / गुरू¹
gúrūṇi / gúru¹ / gúrū¹
Accusative गुरु
gurú
गुरुणी
gurúṇī
गुरूणि / गुरु¹ / गुरू¹
gurū́ṇi / gurú¹ / gurū́¹
Instrumental गुरुणा / गुर्वा¹
gurúṇā / gurvā́¹
गुरुभ्याम्
gurúbhyām
गुरुभिः
gurúbhiḥ
Dative गुरुणे / गुरवे¹ / गुर्वे¹
gurúṇe / guráve¹ / gurvé¹
गुरुभ्याम्
gurúbhyām
गुरुभ्यः
gurúbhyaḥ
Ablative गुरुणः / गुरोः¹ / गुर्वः¹
gurúṇaḥ / guróḥ¹ / gurváḥ¹
गुरुभ्याम्
gurúbhyām
गुरुभ्यः
gurúbhyaḥ
Genitive गुरुणः / गुरोः¹ / गुर्वः¹
gurúṇaḥ / guróḥ¹ / gurváḥ¹
गुरुणोः
gurúṇoḥ
गुरूणाम्
gurūṇā́m
Locative गुरुणि / गुरौ¹
gurúṇi / guraú¹
गुरुणोः
gurúṇoḥ
गुरुषु
gurúṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Noun

गुरु (gurú) stemm

  1. guru
  2. any venerable or respectable person (father, mother, or any relative older than oneself)
  3. master, teacher
  4. sage

Declension

Masculine u-stem declension of गुरु (gurú)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative गुरुः
gurúḥ
गुरू
gurū́
गुरवस्
gurávas
Vocative गुरो
gúro
गुरू
gúrū
गुरवस्
gúravas
Accusative गुरुम्
gurúm
गुरू
gurū́
गुरून्
gurū́n
Instrumental गुरुणा / गुर्वा¹
gurúṇā / gurvā́¹
गुरुभ्याम्
gurúbhyām
गुरुभिः
gurúbhiḥ
Dative गुरवे / गुर्वे¹
guráve / gurvé¹
गुरुभ्याम्
gurúbhyām
गुरुभ्यः
gurúbhyaḥ
Ablative गुरोः / गुर्वः¹
guróḥ / gurváḥ¹
गुरुभ्याम्
gurúbhyām
गुरुभ्यः
gurúbhyaḥ
Genitive गुरोः / गुर्वः¹
guróḥ / gurváḥ¹
गुर्वोः
gurvóḥ
गुरूणाम्
gurūṇā́m
Locative गुरौ
guraú
गुर्वोः
gurvóḥ
गुरुषु
gurúṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “गुरु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 359/2.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 490-1