From Hindi गुरु (guru) / Punjabi ਗੁਰੂ (gurū), from Sanskrit गुरु (guru, “venerable, respectable”), originally "heavy" and in this sense cognate to English grieve and, more distantly, brute. Doublet of grave. A traditional, though flawed etymology based on the Advayataraka Upanishad (line 16) describes the syllables gu as “darkness” and ru as “destroyer”, thus ascribing the meaning of “one who destroys/dispels darkness” to the word.
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guru (plural gurus or guru)
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guru (third-person singular simple present gurus, present participle guruing, simple past and past participle gurued)
guru
From Hindi गुरु (guru) / Urdu گرو (guru) / Punjabi ਗੁਰੂ (gurū), from Sanskrit गुरु (guru, “venerable, respectable”).
guru m (plural gurus)
guru m anim
Also indeclinable.
Ultimately from Sanskrit गुरु (guru).
guru
Inflection of guru (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | guru | gurut | ||
genitive | gurun | gurujen | ||
partitive | gurua | guruja | ||
illative | guruun | guruihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | guru | gurut | ||
accusative | nom. | guru | gurut | |
gen. | gurun | |||
genitive | gurun | gurujen | ||
partitive | gurua | guruja | ||
inessive | gurussa | guruissa | ||
elative | gurusta | guruista | ||
illative | guruun | guruihin | ||
adessive | gurulla | guruilla | ||
ablative | gurulta | guruilta | ||
allative | gurulle | guruille | ||
essive | guruna | guruina | ||
translative | guruksi | guruiksi | ||
abessive | gurutta | guruitta | ||
instructive | — | guruin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
guru m (plural gurus)
gūr̃ū m (plural gūr̃ā̀yē, possessed form gūr̃un)
From Hindi गुरु (guru), from Sanskrit गुरु (guru, “heavy”).
guru (plural guruk)
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | guru | guruk |
accusative | gurut | gurukat |
dative | gurunak | guruknak |
instrumental | guruval | gurukkal |
causal-final | guruért | gurukért |
translative | guruvá | gurukká |
terminative | guruig | gurukig |
essive-formal | guruként | gurukként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | guruban | gurukban |
superessive | gurun | gurukon |
adessive | gurunál | guruknál |
illative | guruba | gurukba |
sublative | gurura | gurukra |
allative | guruhoz | gurukhoz |
elative | guruból | gurukból |
delative | gururól | gurukról |
ablative | gurutól | guruktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
gurué | guruké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
guruéi | gurukéi |
Possessive forms of guru | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | gurum | guruim |
2nd person sing. | gurud | guruid |
3rd person sing. | guruja | gurui |
1st person plural | gurunk | guruink |
2nd person plural | gurutok | guruitok |
3rd person plural | gurujuk | guruik |
From Malay guru, ultimately Sanskrit गुरु (gurú, “guru, teacher, sage”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *gr̥Húṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥Húš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₂ús (“heavy”). Doublet of brutal and bruto.
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guru (plural guru-guru, para guru, first-person possessive guruku, second-person possessive gurumu, third-person possessive gurunya)
From Hindi गुरू (gurū, “teacher”).
guru m (invariable)
guru
gū̆rū
guru
Borrowed from Malay guru, from Sanskrit गुरु (gurú).
guru
From Sanskrit गुरु (gurú, “teacher, sage”) via Old Javanese, from Proto-Indo-Aryan *gr̥Húṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥Húš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₂ús (“heavy”).
guru (Jawi spelling ݢورو, plural guru-guru, informal 1st possessive guruku, 2nd possessive gurumu, 3rd possessive gurunya)
guru (Raguileo spelling)
Borrowed from Sanskrit गुरु (guru).
guru
Cognate with Sanskrit गुरु (guru). It is an assimilatory modification of garu.
guru
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | guru | guravo or gurū |
Accusative (second) | guruṃ | guravo or gurū |
Instrumental (third) | gurunā | gurūhi or gurūbhi |
Dative (fourth) | gurussa or guruno | gurūnaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | gurusmā or gurumhā | gurūhi or gurūbhi |
Genitive (sixth) | gurussa or guruno | gurūnaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | gurusmiṃ or gurumhi | gurūsu |
Vocative (calling) | guru | gurave or guravo |
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | gurunī | guruniyo or gurunī |
Accusative (second) | guruniṃ or guruniyaṃ | guruniyo or gurunī |
Instrumental (third) | guruniyā | gurunīhi or gurunībhi |
Dative (fourth) | guruniyā | gurunīnaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | guruniyā | gurunīhi or gurunībhi |
Genitive (sixth) | guruniyā | gurunīnaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | guruniyā or guruniyaṃ | gurunīsu |
Vocative (calling) | guruni | guruniyo or gurunī |
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | guru | gurūni or gurū |
Accusative (second) | guruṃ | gurūni or gurū |
Instrumental (third) | gurunā | gurūhi or gurūbhi |
Dative (fourth) | gurussa or guruno | gurūnaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | gurusmā or gurumhā | gurūhi or gurūbhi |
Genitive (sixth) | gurussa or guruno | gurūnaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | gurusmiṃ or gurumhi | gurūsu |
Vocative (calling) | guru | gurūni or gurū |
guru m
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | guru | guravo or gurū |
Accusative (second) | guruṃ | guravo or gurū |
Instrumental (third) | gurunā | gurūhi or gurūbhi |
Dative (fourth) | gurussa or guruno | gurūnaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | gurusmā or gurumhā | gurūhi or gurūbhi |
Genitive (sixth) | gurussa or guruno | gurūnaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | gurusmiṃ or gurumhi | gurūsu |
Vocative (calling) | guru | gurave or guravo |
Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “guru”, in Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead
Borrowed from Hindi गुरू (gurū) / Urdu گرو (guru) / Punjabi ਗੁਰੂ (gurū), from Sanskrit गुरु (gurú), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *gr̥Húṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *gr̥Húš, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷr̥h₂ús (“heavy”).
guru m pers (indeclinable)
From Sanskrit गुरु (gurú, “venerable, respectable”), originally "heavy", from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us. Doublet of bruto.
guru m (plural gurus)
guru m or f by sense (plural gurus)
Borrowed from English guru or French gourou.
guru m (plural guru)
gȕru m (Cyrillic spelling гу̏ру)
Derived from Hindi गुरू (gurū) / Urdu گرو (guru), from Sanskrit गुरु (guru, “venerable, respectable”).
guru m anim (genitive singular gurua, nominative plural guruovia, genitive plural guruov, declension pattern of chlap)
Borrowed from Hindi गुड़ (guṛ, “jaggery”).
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guru
From Hindi गुरू (gurū), from Sanskrit गुरु (guru, “heavy”).
guru c
Declension of guru | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | guru | gurun | gurur, guruer, gurus | gururna, guruernas |
Genitive | gurus | guruns | gururs, guruers, gurus | gururnas, guruernas |
guru
guru