त्याग
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Hindi
Etymology
Borrowed from Sanskrit त्याग (tyāga), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *tyāgás, from Proto-Indo-European *tyogʷ-ós. Cognate with Gujarati ત્યાગ (tyāg), Marathi त्याग (tyāg), Nepali त्याग (tyāg), Punjabi ਤਿਆਗ (tiāga).
Pronunciation
Noun
त्याग • (tyāg) m
Declension
Declension of त्याग (masc cons-stem)
Derived terms
- त्याग करना (tyāg karnā, “to give up, abandon”)
- त्याग देना (tyāg denā, “to dismiss”)
- त्यागना (tyāgnā)
- त्यागपत्र (tyāgpatra, “letter of resignation”)
- त्यागशील (tyāgśīl, “self-denying”)
- त्यागशीलता (tyāgśīltā, “self-abnegation”)
Related terms
References
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “त्याग”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Marathi
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit त्याग (tyāga). Cognate with Gujarati ત્યાગ (tyāg), Hindi त्याग (tyāg), Nepali त्याग (tyāg), Punjabi ਤਿਆਗ (tiāga).
Pronunciation
Noun
त्याग • (tyāg) m
Declension
| Declension of त्याग (masc cons-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
त्याग tyāg | ||
| direct plural |
त्याग tyāg | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
त्याग tyāg |
त्याग tyāg | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
त्यागा tyāgā |
त्यागां- tyāgān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
त्यागाला tyāgālā |
त्यागांना tyāgānnā | |
| ergative | त्यागाने, त्यागानं tyāgāne, tyāgāna |
त्यागांनी tyāgānnī | |
| instrumental | त्यागाशी tyāgāśī |
त्यागांशी tyāgānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
त्यागात tyāgāt |
त्यागांत tyāgāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
त्यागा tyāgā |
त्यागांनो tyāgānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of त्याग (masc cons-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
त्यागाचा tyāgāċā |
त्यागाचे tyāgāċe |
त्यागाची tyāgācī |
त्यागाच्या tyāgācā |
त्यागाचे, त्यागाचं tyāgāċe, tyāgāċa |
त्यागाची tyāgācī |
त्यागाच्या tyāgācā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
त्यागांचा tyāgānċā |
त्यागांचे tyāgānċe |
त्यागांची tyāgāñcī |
त्यागांच्या tyāgāncā |
त्यागांचे, त्यागांचं tyāgānċe, tyāgānċa |
त्यागांची tyāgāñcī |
त्यागांच्या tyāgāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
Related terms
- त्याग करणे (tyāg karṇe, “to sacrifice”)
- त्यागणे (tyāgṇe, “to abandon, to sacrifice”)
- त्यागी (tyāgī)
Sanskrit
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- ত্যাগ (Assamese script)
- ᬢ᭄ᬬᬵᬕ (Balinese script)
- ত্যাগ (Bengali script)
- 𑰝𑰿𑰧𑰯𑰐 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀢𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀕 (Brahmi script)
- တျာဂ (Burmese script)
- ત્યાગ (Gujarati script)
- ਤ੍ਯਾਗ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌤𑍍𑌯𑌾𑌗 (Grantha script)
- ꦠꦾꦴꦒ (Javanese script)
- 𑂞𑂹𑂨𑂰𑂏 (Kaithi script)
- ತ್ಯಾಗ (Kannada script)
- ត្យាគ (Khmer script)
- ຕ຺ຍາຄ (Lao script)
- ത്യാഗ (Malayalam script)
- ᢠᠶᠠ᠊ᠠᡤᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘝𑘿𑘧𑘰𑘐 (Modi script)
- ᢐᠶ᠋ᠠᢗᠺᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦽𑧠𑧇𑧑𑦰 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐟𑑂𑐫𑐵𑐐 (Newa script)
- ତ୍ଯାଗ (Odia script)
- ꢡ꣄ꢫꢵꢔ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆠𑇀𑆪𑆳𑆓 (Sharada script)
- 𑖝𑖿𑖧𑖯𑖐 (Siddham script)
- ත්යාග (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩫 𑪙𑩻𑩛𑩞 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚙𑚶𑚣𑚭𑚌 (Takri script)
- த்யாக³ (Tamil script)
- త్యాగ (Telugu script)
- ตฺยาค (Thai script)
- ཏྱཱ་ག (Tibetan script)
- 𑒞𑓂𑒨𑒰𑒑 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨙𑩇𑨪𑨊𑨍 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *tyāgás, from Proto-Indo-European *tyegʷ- (“to avoid”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬌𐬚𐬫𐬈𐬘𐬀𐬵 (iθyejah).
Pronunciation
Noun
त्याग • (tyāga) stem, m (root त्यज्)
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of त्याग (tyāgá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | त्यागः tyāgáḥ |
त्यागौ / त्यागा¹ tyāgaú / tyāgā́¹ |
त्यागाः / त्यागासः¹ tyāgā́ḥ / tyāgā́saḥ¹ |
| Vocative | त्याग tyā́ga |
त्यागौ / त्यागा¹ tyā́gau / tyā́gā¹ |
त्यागाः / त्यागासः¹ tyā́gāḥ / tyā́gāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | त्यागम् tyāgám |
त्यागौ / त्यागा¹ tyāgaú / tyāgā́¹ |
त्यागान् tyāgā́n |
| Instrumental | त्यागेन tyāgéna |
त्यागाभ्याम् tyāgā́bhyām |
त्यागैः / त्यागेभिः¹ tyāgaíḥ / tyāgébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | त्यागाय tyāgā́ya |
त्यागाभ्याम् tyāgā́bhyām |
त्यागेभ्यः tyāgébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | त्यागात् tyāgā́t |
त्यागाभ्याम् tyāgā́bhyām |
त्यागेभ्यः tyāgébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | त्यागस्य tyāgásya |
त्यागयोः tyāgáyoḥ |
त्यागानाम् tyāgā́nām |
| Locative | त्यागे tyāgé |
त्यागयोः tyāgáyoḥ |
त्यागेषु tyāgéṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Related terms
Descendants
- Pali: cāga
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀘𑀸𑀬 (cāya)
- Old Marathi:
- Marathi: त्याग (tyāg)
- Old Marathi:
- → Kannada: ತ್ಯಾಗ (tyāga)
- → Malayalam: ത്യാഗം (tyāgaṁ)
- → Punjabi: ਤਿਆਗ (tiāga)
- → Telugu: త్యాగము (tyāgamu)
- → Tamil: தியாகம் (tiyākam)
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “त्याग”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 456/3.
