平城

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Chinese

		flat; level; equal flat; level; equal; to make the same score; to tie; to draw; calm; peaceful	city walls; city; town
simp. and trad. (平城)		平	城

Wikipedia has articles on:

平城 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
Pyongsong (English)
Pingcheng County (English)

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Píngchéng

(Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄔㄥˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ping⁴ sing⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Píngchéng
  - Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄔㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Píngchéng
  - Wade–Giles: Pʻing²-chʻêng²
  - Yale: Píng-chéng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Pyngcherng
  - Palladius: Пинчэн (Pinčɛn)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: ping⁴ sing⁴
  - Yale: pìhng sìhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ping⁴ sing⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: ping⁴ xing⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɪŋ²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

Proper noun

平城

(～市) Pyongsong (a city in North Korea)
(～縣) (historical) Pingcheng County (a county during the Han and Northern Wei dynasties, located around modern-day Datong, Shanxi, China)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (平城):

→ Japanese: 平城(へいじょう) (Heijō)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
平	城
ひら Grade: 3	しろ > じろ Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

平城

From 平 (hira, “something flat or flattened”) +‎ 城 (shiro, “castle, fortress”).

The shiro changes to jiro as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ひらじろ (Heiban – )
IPA^(key):

Noun

平(ひら)城(じろ) • (hirajiro)

a castle built on level ground or flatland

See also

山(やま)城(しろ) (yamashiro)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
平	城
ひら Grade: 3	じょう Grade: 4
yutōyomi

From 平 (hira, “something flat or flattened”) +‎ 城 (jō, “castle, fortress”, on-reading of shiro).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ひらじょー (Heiban – )
IPA^(key):

Noun

平(ひら)城(じょう) • (hirajō) ^{←ひらじやう (firazyau)^?}

a castle built on level ground or flatland

See also

山(さん)城(じょう) (sanjō)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
平	城
へい Grade: 3	じょう Grade: 4
kan'on	goon

/pei d͡ʑʲau/ → /ɸeid͡ʑɔː/ → /heːd͡ʑoː/

From Middle Chinese 平城 (MC bjaeng dzyeng).

The short form senses are from the on-reading of the alternative spelling of 奈良 (Nara) below.

Proper noun

平(へい)城(じょう) • (Heijō) ^{←へいじやう (feizyau)^?}

(historical) Pingcheng County during the Han and Northern Wei dynasties of ancient China, now part of Datong, Shanxi Province
Short for 平城京 (Heijō-kyō): the capital of ancient Japan during most of the Nara period
Short for 平城宮 (Heijō-kyū): the imperial palace on the north end of Heijō-kyō

See also

大(だい)同(どう) (Daidō)

Noun

平(へい)城(じょう) • (heijō) ^{←へいじやう (feizyau)^?}

(rare) a castle built on level ground or flatland

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
平	城
なら
Grade: 3	Grade: 4
jukujikun

For pronunciation and definitions of 平城 – see the following entry.

【奈良なら】

a placename, especially:

Short for 奈良県 (Nara-ken): Nara (a prefecture of Japan)

Short for 奈良市 (Nara-shi): Nara (the capital city of Nara Prefecture)

Alternative spelling
寧楽

(This term, 平城, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Derived terms

平城(なら)坂(ざか) (Narazaka)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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