From Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō, from Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti (verbal suffix), from *-id- + *-yéti. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *-itjaną.
The suffix started in denominative verbs in *-id-yō (e.g. elpid-yō > ἐλπίζω (elpízō), cf. ἐλπίς (elpís)), but was later used on stems of all kinds to the number of many thousands.
-ῐ́ζω • (-ízō)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | -ῐ́ζω | -ῐ́ζεις | -ῐ́ζει | -ῐ́ζετον | -ῐ́ζετον | -ῐ́ζομεν | -ῐ́ζετε | -ῐ́ζουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | -ῐ́ζω | -ῐ́ζῃς | -ῐ́ζῃ | -ῐ́ζητον | -ῐ́ζητον | -ῐ́ζωμεν | -ῐ́ζητε | -ῐ́ζωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | -ῐ́ζοιμῐ | -ῐ́ζοις | -ῐ́ζοι | -ῐ́ζοιτον | -ῐζοίτην | -ῐ́ζοιμεν | -ῐ́ζοιτε | -ῐ́ζοιεν | |||||
| imperative | -ῐζε | -ῐζέτω | -ῐ́ζετον | -ῐζέτων | -ῐ́ζετε | -ῐζόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | -ῐ́ζομαι | -ῐ́ζῃ, -ῐ́ζει |
-ῐ́ζεται | -ῐ́ζεσθον | -ῐ́ζεσθον | -ῐζόμεθᾰ | -ῐ́ζεσθε | -ῐ́ζονται | ||||
| subjunctive | -ῐ́ζωμαι | -ῐ́ζῃ | -ῐ́ζηται | -ῐ́ζησθον | -ῐ́ζησθον | -ῐζώμεθᾰ | -ῐ́ζησθε | -ῐ́ζωνται | |||||
| optative | -ῐζοίμην | -ῐ́ζοιο | -ῐ́ζοιτο | -ῐ́ζοισθον | -ῐζοίσθην | -ῐζοίμεθᾰ | -ῐ́ζοισθε | -ῐ́ζοιντο | |||||
| imperative | -ῐ́ζου | -ῐζέσθω | -ῐ́ζεσθον | -ῐζέσθων | -ῐ́ζεσθε | -ῐζέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | -ῐ́ζειν | -ῐ́ζεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | -ῐ́ζων | -ῐζόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | -ῐ́ζουσᾰ | -ῐζομένη | |||||||||||
| n | -ῐ́ζον | -ῐζόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | -ῐζον | -ῐζες | -ῐζε(ν) | -ῐ́ζετον | -ῐζέτην | -ῐ́ζομεν | -ῐ́ζετε | -ῐζον | ||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | -ῐζόμην | -ῐ́ζου | -ῐ́ζετο | -ῐ́ζεσθον | -ῐζέσθην | -ῐζόμεθᾰ | -ῐ́ζεσθε | -ῐ́ζοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | -ῐέω | -ῐέεις | -ῐέει | -ῐέετον | -ῐέετον | -ῐέομεν | -ῐέετε | -ῐέουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | -ῐέοιμῐ | -ῐέοις | -ῐέοι | -ῐέοιτον | -ῐεοίτην | -ῐέοιμεν | -ῐέοιτε | -ῐέοιεν | |||||
| middle | indicative | -ῐέομαι | -ῐέῃ, -ῐέει |
-ῐέεται | -ῐέεσθον | -ῐέεσθον | -ῐεόμεθᾰ | -ῐέεσθε | -ῐέονται | ||||
| optative | -ῐεοίμην | -ῐέοιο | -ῐέοιτο | -ῐέοισθον | -ῐεοίσθην | -ῐεοίμεθᾰ | -ῐέοισθε | -ῐέοιντο | |||||
| passive | indicative | -ῐσθήσομαι | -ῐσθήσῃ | -ῐσθήσεται | -ῐσθήσεσθον | -ῐσθήσεσθον | -ῐσθησόμεθᾰ | -ῐσθήσεσθε | -ῐσθήσονται | ||||
| optative | -ῐσθησοίμην | -ῐσθήσοιο | -ῐσθήσοιτο | -ῐσθήσοισθον | -ῐσθησοίσθην | -ῐσθησοίμεθᾰ | -ῐσθήσοισθε | -ῐσθήσοιντο | |||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | -ῐέειν | -ῐέεσθαι | -ῐσθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | -ῐέων | -ῐεόμενος | -ῐσθησόμενος | |||||||||
| f | -ῐέουσᾰ | -ῐεομένη | -ῐσθησομένη | ||||||||||
| n | -ῐέον | -ῐεόμενον | -ῐσθησόμενον | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | -ῐῶ | -ῐεῖς | -ῐεῖ | -ῐεῖτον | -ῐεῖτον | -ῐοῦμεν | -ῐεῖτε | -ῐοῦσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | -ῐοίην, -ῐοῖμῐ |
-ῐοίης, -ῐοῖς |
-ῐοίη, -ῐοῖ |
-ῐοῖτον, -ῐοίητον |
-ῐοίτην, -ῐοιήτην |
-ῐοῖμεν, -ῐοίημεν |
-ῐοῖτε, -ῐοίητε |
-ῐοῖεν, -ῐοίησᾰν | |||||
| middle | indicative | -ῐοῦμαι | -ῐῇ | -ῐεῖται | -ῐεῖσθον | -ῐεῖσθον | -ῐούμεθᾰ | -ῐεῖσθε | -ῐοῦνται | ||||
| optative | -ῐοίμην | -ῐοῖο | -ῐοῖτο | -ῐοῖσθον | -ῐοίσθην | -ῐοίμεθᾰ | -ῐοῖσθε | -ῐοῖντο | |||||
| passive | indicative | -ῐσθήσομαι | -ῐσθήσῃ | -ῐσθήσεται | -ῐσθήσεσθον | -ῐσθήσεσθον | -ῐσθησόμεθᾰ | -ῐσθήσεσθε | -ῐσθήσονται | ||||
| optative | -ῐσθησοίμην | -ῐσθήσοιο | -ῐσθήσοιτο | -ῐσθήσοισθον | -ῐσθησοίσθην | -ῐσθησοίμεθᾰ | -ῐσθήσοισθε | -ῐσθήσοιντο | |||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | -ῐεῖν | -ῐεῖσθαι | -ῐσθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | -ῐῶν | -ῐούμενος | -ῐσθησόμενος | |||||||||
| f | -ῐοῦσᾰ | -ῐουμένη | -ῐσθησομένη | ||||||||||
| n | -ῐοῦν | -ῐούμενον | -ῐσθησόμενον | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | -ῐ́κειν, -ῐ́κη |
-ῐ́κεις, -ῐ́κης |
-ῐ́κει(ν) | -ῐ́κετον | -ῐκέτην | -ῐ́κεμεν | -ῐ́κετε | -ῐ́κεσᾰν | ||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | -ῐ́σμην | -ῐσο | -ῐστο | -ῐσθον | -ῐ́σθην | -ῐ́σμεθᾰ | -ῐσθε | -ῐ́δᾰτο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
| ||||||||||||
-ίζω • (-ízo)