Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tīhaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *déyḱti, from *deyḱ- (“to show”). Cognate with Latin dīcō (“speak, say, tell”), Ancient Greek δείκνυμι (deíknumi, “show, point out, explain, teach”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈtiː.xɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*tīhaną^[1]^[2]

to show, point out
to blame, accuse

Inflection

Conjugation of *tīhaną (strong class 1)

present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*tīhō	*tīhaų	—	*tīhai	?
2nd singular	*tīhizi	*tīhaiz	*tīh	*tīhazai	*tīhaizau
3rd singular	*tīhidi	*tīhai	*tīhadau	*tīhadai	*tīhaidau
1st dual	*tīhōz	*tīhaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*tīhadiz	*tīhaidiz	*tīhadiz	—	—
1st plural	*tīhamaz	*tīhaim	—	*tīhandai	*tīhaindau
2nd plural	*tīhid	*tīhaid	*tīhid	*tīhandai	*tīhaindau
3rd plural	*tīhandi	*tīhain	*tīhandau	*tīhandai	*tīhaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*taih	*tigį̄
2nd singular	*taiht	*tigīz
3rd singular	*taih	*tigī
1st dual	*tigū	*tigīw
2nd dual	*tigudiz	*tigīdiz
1st plural	*tigum	*tigīm
2nd plural	*tigud	*tigīd
3rd plural	*tigun	*tigīn

	present	past
participles	*tīhandz	*tiganaz

Related terms

Derived terms

*tihtiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *tīhan
- Old English: tēon
  - Middle English: tēn
- ⇒ Old Saxon: aftīhan
- Old Dutch: *tīan
  - Middle Dutch: tiën
    - Dutch: tijgen, aantijgen
      - Afrikaans: aantyg
- Old High German: zīhan
  - Middle High German: zīhen
    - German: zeihen
Old Norse: tjá
- Icelandic: tjá
- Faroese: tíggja
- Norwegian Nynorsk: te
- Old Swedish: tēa
  - Swedish: te
- Danish: te
  - Norwegian Bokmål: te
Gothic: *𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌽 (*teihan)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*tīhan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 517
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*tīxanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 407

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*tīhan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 517

[2] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*tīxanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 407

[1]

[2]