Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dъždžь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

• *dъščь

Uncertain, *ždž (*šč) can be derived from *zd (*st) and *zg (*sk):

• *dusdjos: From Proto-Indo-European *dus-dyu-, a compound of *dus- (“bad”) +‎ *dyu- (“sky”).
  • Compare Sanskrit दुर्दिन (durdina, “rain, shower”), Ancient Greek εὐδία (eudía, “fair weather”).
• *duzgjo-: From **dъždžati, **dъždžitь +‎ *-ь.
  • Related to Lithuanian duzgė́ti (“to rumble?, buzz?”), duzgénti.
  • See also *mъrskati, *mъrščati, *mъrždžiti, *pъrskati, *polskati, *pľuskati, *bučiti, *bučati, *buča, *bučadlo, *buriti, *buřa.
• *duskjos: From **dъščati, **dъščitь +‎ *-ь or **dъskati/**dъsknǫti +‎ *-jь.
  • Related to Norwegian duskregn (“drizzling rain”), det dusker, Swedish regndusk (“drizzling rain”), dusk, dúska, Bavarian dusel (“drizzle?”). Further related to Norwegian dysja or dust (“dust”) < *dʰewh₂-.
  • See also *mižati, *mьžati, *mьžiti, *mьža, *mьžica, *mьžika, *mьga, *mьgla (< *h₃meygʰ-, ?*h₃meyǵʰ-), *mьrknǫti, *mьrčiti, *morčiti, Czech pršeti, Bulgarian ситен дъжд (siten dǎžd).

*dъ̀ždžь m

1. rain

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: *дъжджь (*dŭždžĭ), дъжжь (dŭžžĭ), дъжчь (dŭžčĭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: дожджъ (doždž), дождчъ (doždč), дожчъ (dožč), дощъ (došč)
      • Belarusian: до́ждж (dóždž)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: додж (dodž)
      • Ukrainian: дощ (došč); дождж (doždž), дож (dož), дорщ (doršč) (dialectal)
    • Russian: дожж (dožž) (obsolete, dialectal)
  • Old Novgorodian: дъжгь (dŭźgĭ) (Old Pskovian)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Glagolitic script: ⰴⱏⰶⰴⱐ (dŭždĭ)

    Old Cyrillic script: дъждь (dŭždĭ)

    • Bulgarian: дъжд (dǎžd)
    • Macedonian: дожд (dožd)
    • → Old East Slavic: дъждь (dŭždĭ)
      • Old Ruthenian: дождь (doždʹ)
      • Russian: дождь (doždʹ)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: да̏жд (dialectal, archaic)

    Latin script: dȁžd (dialectal, archaic)

    • Chakavian Serbo-Croatian: dȁžd, dȁž, dãš
    • Kajkavian Serbo-Croatian: dežđ
  • Slovene: də̏ž (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Lechitic:
    • Old Polish: deżdż, deszcz
      • Polish: deszcz
      • Silesian: dyszcz
    • Polabian: dåzd
    • Pomeranian:
      • Kashubian: deszcz
      • Slovincian: deszcz
  • Old Czech: déšč
    • Czech: déšť
  • Old Slovak: dážď, déšť, dóžď, dišť, dišč, *dižď
    • Pannonian Rusyn: диждж (diždž)
    • Slovak: dážď
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: dešć
    • Lower Sorbian: dešć

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dъždžь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 195
• Anikin, A. E. (2020) “дождь”, in Русский этимологический словарь (in Russian), issue 14 (дигнитарь – дрощи), Moscow: Nestor-Historia, →ISBN, page 122
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “дощ”, in Етимологічний словник української мови (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 117
• Rudnyc'kyj, Ja. (1972–1982) “дощ”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 2 (Д – Ь), Ottawa: Ukrainian Mohylo-Mazepian Academy of Sciences; Ukrainian Language Association, →LCCN, page 188
• Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1985), “до́ждж”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы (in Belarusian), volumes 3 (га! – інчэ́), Minsk: Navuka i technika, page 140
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999) “дождь”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 256
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дождь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “deszcz”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna
• Berneker, Erich (1908–1913) “dъždžь”, in Slavisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter's Universitätsbuchhandlung, page 248
• В. В. Мартынов (1981) “Балто-славяно-иранские языковые отношения и глоттогенез славян. bur’a – dъždžь 'непогода'.”, in Балто-славянские исследования. 1980., Moscow: Nauka, page 20
• Журавлев, А. Ф. (2000) “Наивная этимология и "кабинетная мифология" (Из наблюдений над мифологизмом А.Н. Афанасьева)”, in Этимология 1997‒1999, Moscow, page 53