Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/otьcь
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Most probably an early agent noun from native *otъ (“father”) + *-ьcь.
Noun
Usage notes
Following the Christianization of Early Slavs, in many languages the reflexes of *otьcь became calques of Byzantine Greek παπᾶς (papâs, “spiritual father”), Latin pāpa (“id.”) (whence Proto-Slavic *popъ (“priest”)) and are used as an appellation to ecclesiastical figures (priests, clerics, bishops, etc.).
Alternative forms
- *otьkъ (prior to third palatalization, attested in Northern Russian dialects)
Declension
Declension of *otь̀cь (soft o-stem, accent paradigm b)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *otь̀cь | *otьcà | *otьcì |
| genitive | *otьcà | *otьcù | *otь̀cь |
| dative | *otьcù | *otьcèma | *otь̀cemъ |
| accusative | *otь̀cь | *otьcà | *otьcę̇̀ |
| instrumental | *otьcь̀mь, *otьcèmь* | *otьcèma | *otь̀ci |
| locative | *otьcì | *otьcù | *otь̀cixъ |
| vocative | *otьče | *otьcà | *otьcì |
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
- *otьčę (diminutive, reanalyzed under the influence of the voc. *otьče)
- *otьčimъ (“fatherly figure”)
- *otьčьstvo (“fatherland”)
- *otьčь, *otьcevъ (“paternal”)
- *otьčьnъ (“fatherly”)
- *otьčina (“paternal household”)
- *otьčьskъ (“patriotic”)
See also
Proto-Slavic family terms
| *sěmьja, *rodina (“family”) | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|
| parent | *otъ, *otьcь (“father”) nursery: *tata |
*mati (“mother”) nursery: *mama |
| sibling | *bratrъ (“brother”) | *sestra (“sister”) |
| child | *synъ (“son”) | *dъťi (“daughter”) |
| grandparent | – (“grandfather”) nursery: *dědъ; *nana |
*ova (“grandmother”) nursery: *baba; *nena |
| grandchild | *vъnukъ (“grandson”) | *vъnuka (“granddaughter”) |
| stepparent | *otьčimъ (“stepfather”) | *maťexa (“stepmother”) |
| stepchild | *pastorъkъ (“stepson”) | *pastorъka (“stepdaughter”) |
| father's sibling | *strъjь (“paternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola |
– (“paternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja |
| mother's sibling | *ujь (“maternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola |
– (“maternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja |
| sibling's child | *netьjь (“nephew”) | *nestera (“niece”) |
| spouse | *mǫžь (“husband”) | *žena (“wife”) |
| parent of wife | *tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”) | *tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”) |
| parent of husband | *svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”) | *svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”) |
| sibling of wife | *šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”) | *svěstь, *svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”) |
| sibling of husband | *děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”) | *zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”) |
| spouse of child | *zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”) | *snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”) |
| spouse of husband's brother | – | *ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”) |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Non-Slavic:
- → Romanian: oteț
Further reading
- Zhuravlyov, A. F., editor (2014), “*otьcь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 39 (*otъtęti – *ozgǫba), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 168
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “отец”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “отец”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 610
- Šanskij, N. M. (2004) “отец”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “отец”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 960
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*otьcь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 383
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “otьcь otьca”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 171); a? (PR 132)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “otec”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *otьcь̏”