Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/porťa
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
From *pьrati (“to beat, hit”) + *-ťa.
Noun
*porťa f
- (West and South Slavic) sling (projectile weapon)
- Synonym: *porkъ
Inflection
Declension of *porťa (soft a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *porťa | *porťi | *porťę̇ |
| genitive | *porťę̇ | *porťu | *porťь |
| dative | *porťi | *porťama | *porťamъ |
| accusative | *porťǫ | *porťi | *porťę̇ |
| instrumental | *porťejǫ, *porťǫ** | *porťama | *porťami |
| locative | *porťi | *porťu | *porťasъ, *porťaxъ* |
| vocative | *porťe | *porťi | *porťę̇ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
- *porkъ (“sling”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: пороча (poroča)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: праща (prašta)
- ⇒ Bulgarian: пра́шка (práška), пра́щва (práštva)
- Macedonian: праќа (praḱa)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Slovene: práča (tonal orthography)
- ⇒ Slovene: fráča (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “праща”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Nikolayev S. L. (2005) Карпатоукраинско-паннонская изоглосса (рефлексы праславянских сочетаний *tj и *dj), page 5
- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “proca”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 483
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “праща”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Martynaŭ, V. U., Tsykhun, G. A., editors (1978–2017), “прашча”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka
Etymology 2
From *portiti (“to send, dispatch, emit”) + *-ja. For the meaning shift compare Serbo-Croatian посао (“job, work”) (< *posъlъ, from *posъlati (“to send, delegate”)).
Noun
*porťa f
- (West Slavic) toil, effort
- Synonym: *trudъ
- (West Slavic) work (activity)
- Synonym: *dělo
Inflection
Declension of *porťa (soft a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *porťa | *porťi | *porťę̇ |
| genitive | *porťę̇ | *porťu | *porťь |
| dative | *porťi | *porťama | *porťamъ |
| accusative | *porťǫ | *porťi | *porťę̇ |
| instrumental | *porťejǫ, *porťǫ** | *porťama | *porťami |
| locative | *porťi | *porťu | *porťasъ, *porťaxъ* |
| vocative | *porťe | *porťi | *porťę̇ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- West Slavic:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “праца”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “praca”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, page 478
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “праця”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Martynaŭ, V. U., Tsykhun, G. A., editors (1978–2017), “праца”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka