dół

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Kashubian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dȍlъ.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈdow/
  • Rhymes: -ow
  • Syllabification: dół

Noun

dół m inan (diminutive dółk)

  1. pit (hole in the ground; sinking into something; bottom of something)
  2. ground floor

Further reading

  • Stefan Ramułt (1893) “dòł”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 27
  • Sychta, Bernard (1967) “dȯł”, in Słownik gwar kaszubskich (in Polish), volumes 1 (A – Ǵ), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 228
  • Jan Trepczyk (1994) “dół”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “dół”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi
  • dół”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka , Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dȍlъ. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /dɔːɫ/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /doɫ/

Noun

dół m inan (related adjective dołowy)

  1. (attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) valley (elongated depression cast between hills or mountains, often garnished with a river flowing through it)
    • 1876-1929 , Vatroslav Jagić, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume XIV, Miechów, Kruchowo, page 493:
      Sz yezyory, moczydlamy, strumyenmy, sz dolmy, pagorky
  2. (attested in Lesser Poland) chasm; deep valley
    • 1939 , Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego , pages 29, 3:
      Gospodne, wiwodl ies od pecla duszø moiø, zbawil ies me od *sstøpaioczich w dol (salvasti me a descendentibus in lacum)
  3. Corruption of udole.
  4. (attested in Lesser Poland) pit; ditch (dug out long depression)
    • 1939 , Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego , pages 7, 16:
      Iezoro otworzil y wicopal ie, y wpadl w dol, iensze iest vczinil (incidit in foveam, quam fecit)
    • 1442, Wokabularz Raczyńskich, Biblioteki Raczyńskich w Poznaniu, sygn. 1360/I, page 112r:
      Fossa id est fovea inde fossorium instrumentum fodiendi inde eciam fossarius fossator uel fossor Fossale vlg. dol
    1. (attested in Greater Poland) defensive ditch
      • 1908 , Bolesław Erzepki, editor, Przyczynki do średniowiecznego słownictwa polskiego. I. Glosy polskie wpisane do łacińsko-niemieckiego słownika drukowanego w roku 1490, Lubiń, page 117:
        Val vel dol vallum eyn blank vel munitio facta circa castellum
    • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 142v:
      Vallum eyn blanck vel munitio facta circa castellum et recte dicitur spacium inter duas fossas vel inter fossam et murum vbi fit expugnatio contra hostes val vel dol
    1. (attested in Greater Poland) grave
      • 1930 , “Tob”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka), 8, 11:
        Zawolaw k sobye Raguel slug swich y szly z nym, abi vikopaly dol (ut foderent sepulcrum)
        , aby wykopali dół (ut foderent sepulcrum)]
      • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 54r:
        Fossa grub dol
  5. bottom (lower part of something)

Derived terms

adjectives
adjectives
nouns

Descendants

  • Polish: dół
  • Silesian: dōł

References

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish dół.

Pronunciation

 
  • Audio 1:(file)
  • Audio 2:(file)
  • Rhymes: -uw
  • Syllabification: dół

Noun

dół m inan (diminutive dołek)

  1. pit (hole in the ground; sinking into something; bottom of something)
  2. bottom (lower part of something)
    Antonym: góra
  3. (anatomy) cavity; fossa (cavity in the body of a human or animal)
    dół łokciowycubital fossa
    dół nadobojczykowysupraclavicular fossa
    dół skroniowytemporal fossa
  4. (colloquial) blues; dumps (sad feeling)
  5. depression (area lower than another)
  6. (colloquial) grave
    Synonym: grób
  7. (music) lower range (lower register of a singer)
  8. (obsolete) area near a river's mouth
  9. (Middle Polish, Christianity) Hell
    Synonym: piekło
  10. (Middle Polish) bottom (sin; badness; moral corruption)
  11. (Middle Polish) trick; intrigue; ambush
  12. (Middle Polish) riverbed
    Synonym: koryto
  13. (Middle Polish) basement (covered earthen pit for storing crops)
    Synonym: piwnica
  14. (Middle Polish, military) moat; defensive ditch
  15. (Middle Polish) mine (place where minerals and sand are extracted from the ground)
    Synonym: kopalnia
  16. (Middle Polish) dugout (primitive human habitation)
    Synonym: ziemianka

Declension

Noun

dół m animal

  1. (colloquial) blues; dumps; low (sad feeling)
  2. (in the plural) pits; underside; bottom; masses, plebs, rabble, riffraff (people who are lowest in some hierarchy)

Declension

adjectives
verbs

Further reading