sudah

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Indonesian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Malay sudah, borrowed from Sanskrit शुद्ध (śuddha).

Pronunciation

Verb

sudah

  1. perfective aspect, indicating that the process has been accomplished.
    Sudah berapa lama kamu belajar bahasa indonesia?
    How long have you been learning Indonesian?

Usage notes

Sudah is often translated as already in Indonesian and Malay language textbooks to convey its meaning in the languages which express perfective aspect through inflection.

Derived terms

See also

Further reading

Malay

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit शुद्ध (śuddha).

Pronunciation

Adjective

sudah (Jawi spelling سوده)

  1. done, finished, completed
  2. enough, sufficient

Adverb

sudah (Jawi spelling سوده)

  1. already
    Kamu sudah makan kah?
    Have you eaten yet?

Usage notes

Sudah is often translated as already in Indonesian and Malay language textbooks to convey its meaning in the languages which express perfective aspect through inflection. The word is often shortened to dah in casual speech.

Descendants

  • Indonesian: sudah
  • North Moluccan Malay: so

See also

Further reading