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See also: мъка and мѫка

Macedonian

Pronunciation

Verb

мука (muka) third-singular presentimpf

  1. (intransitive) to moo, bellow

Conjugation

Conjugation of мука (imperfective, present in )
l-participles imperfect aorist non-finite forms
masculine мукал (mukal) adjectival participle
feminine мукала (mukala) adverbial participle мукајќи (mukajḱi)
neuter мукало (mukalo) verbal noun мукање (mukanje)
plural мукале (mukale) perfect participle мукано (mukano)
finite forms present imperfect aorist imperative
1st singular мукам (mukam) мукав (mukav)
2nd singular мукаш (mukaš) мукаше (mukaše) мукај (mukaj)
3rd singular мука (muka) мукаше (mukaše)
1st plural мукаме (mukame) мукавме (mukavme)
2nd plural мукате (mukate) мукавте (mukavte) мукајте (mukajte)
3rd plural мукаат (mukaat) мукаа (mukaa)
compound tenses
perfect сум мукал (sum mukal) present of сум (except in the 3rd person) +
imperfect l-participle
има-perfect имам мукано (imam mukano) present of има + perfect participle
pluperfect бев мукал (bev mukal) imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle
има-pluperfect имав мукано (imav mukano) imperfect of има + perfect participle
има-perfect reported сум имал мукано (sum imal mukano) perfect of има + perfect participle
future ќе мукам (ḱe mukam) ќе + present
има-future ќе имам мукано (ḱe imam mukano) future of има + perfect participle
future in the past ќе мукав (ḱe mukav) ќе + imperfect
има-future in the past ќе имав мукано (ḱe imav mukano) future in the past of има + perfect participle
future reported ќе сум мукал (ḱe sum mukal) ќе + imperfect l-participle
има-future reported ќе сум имал мукано (ḱe sum imal mukano) future reported of има + perfect participle
conditional би мукал (bi mukal) би + imperfect l-participle
има-conditional би имал мукано (bi imal mukano) conditional of има + perfect participle

Russian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǭka (flour). Akin to regional Serbo-Croatian мука/muka (meal), Slovene moka, Slovak múka. Non-Slavic cognates include Ancient Greek μάσσω (mássō, to knead), German and Old High German mengen (to mix).

Pronunciation

Noun

мука́ (mukáf inan (genitive муки́, uncountable, relational adjective мучно́й) (mass noun, no plural)

  1. flour, fine meal
Declension

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka (torment, torture).

Pronunciation

Noun

му́ка (múkaf inan (genitive му́ки, nominative plural му́ки, genitive plural мук)

  1. pain, anguish, torment, suffering, torture
  2. ordeal
  3. harassment
Declension

Anagrams

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǫka (torture, torment).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mûka/
  • Hyphenation: му‧ка

Noun

му̏ка f (Latin spelling mȕka)

  1. pain
  2. torment
  3. nausea
  4. trouble
Declension
Declension of мука
singular plural
nominative му̏ка муке
genitive муке му̑ка̄
dative му̏ци мукама
accusative муку муке
vocative муко муке
locative му̏ци мукама
instrumental муком мукама

Further reading

  • мука”, in Hrvatski jezični portal (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mǭka (flour).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mǔːka/
  • Hyphenation: му‧ка

Noun

му́ка f (Latin spelling múka)

  1. (regional) flour
Declension

Ukrainian

Ukrainian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia uk

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *mǫka (torture, torment).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

му́ка (múkaf inan (genitive му́ки, nominative plural му́ки, genitive plural мук)

  1. pain, anguish, torment, suffering, torture
    Synonym: стражда́ння n (straždánnja)
Declension
Declension of му́ка
(inan hard fem-form accent-a)
singular plural
nominative му́ка
múka
му́ки
múky
genitive му́ки
múky
мук
muk
dative му́ці
múci
му́кам
múkam
accusative му́ку
múku
му́ки
múky
instrumental му́кою
múkoju
му́ками
múkamy
locative му́ці
múci
му́ках
múkax
vocative му́ко
múko
му́ки
múky
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *mǭka (flour).

Pronunciation

This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Noun

мука́ (mukáf inan (genitive муки́, uncountable)

  1. (colloquial) flour
    Synonym: бо́рошно n (bórošno)
Declension
Declension of мука́
(inan sg-only hard fem-form accent-d)
singular
nominative мука́
muká
genitive муки́
muký
dative муці́
mucí
accusative муку́
mukú
instrumental муко́ю
mukóju
locative муці́
mucí
vocative му́ко
múko

Further reading