хлеб

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See also: хљеб and хлєб

Belarusian

Etymology

From Old East Slavic хлѣбъ (xlěbŭ), from Proto-Slavic *xlěbъ, from Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz. Compare Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

хлеб (xljebm inan (genitive хле́ба, nominative plural хлябы́, genitive plural хлябо́ў)

  1. bread, loaf

Declension

References

  • хлеб” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Russian

Russian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ru

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic хлѣбъ (xlěbŭ), from Proto-Slavic *xlěbъ, from Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs), from Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz, of unknown origin. Cognate with English loaf.

Pronunciation

Noun

хлеб (xlebm inan (genitive хле́ба, nominative plural хле́бы, genitive plural хле́бов, relational adjective хле́бный, diminutive хле́бушек or хле́бец)

  1. bread
    Meronyms: ко́рка (kórka), мя́киш (mjákiš)
  2. loaf
    Hyponyms: карава́й (karaváj), буха́нка (buxánka)
    Meronyms: ломо́ть (lomótʹ), краю́ха (krajúxa)
  3. (Saint Petersburg) black bread, rye bread
    Antonym: (Saint Petersburg) бу́лка (búlka)

Declension

Descendants

Noun

хлеб (xlebm inan (genitive хле́ба, nominative plural хлеба́, genitive plural хлебо́в, relational adjective хле́бный)

  1. (usually in the plural) grain
    ве́тер колы́шет хлеба́véter kolýšet xlebáthe grain sways in the wind
  2. (figurative) food, subsistence, living (cf. breadwinner)
    Раньше мы зарабатывали на хлеб, продавая яблоки.Ranʹše my zarabatyvali na xleb, prodavaja jabloki.We used to make a living by selling apples.
    фотогра́фиямой хлебfotográfija — moj xlebphotography is my living

Declension

Derived terms

Compound words:

Compounds:

Phrases
Proverbs
Borrowed

Via Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz:

Collocations

References

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “хлеб”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Isačenko, A. V. (1954‒1965) Грамматический строй русского языка в сопоставлении с словацким: Морфология: I‒II (in Russian), Bratislava: Slovak Academy of Sciences; ‎2nd edition, Moscow: Languages of Slavic Сultures, 2003, →ISBN, page 78

Further reading

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xlěbъ, from Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz. Compare Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs).

Pronunciation

Noun

хле̏б m inan (Latin spelling hlȅb, relational adjective хле̏бни, diminutive хлѐпчић)

  1. bread
  2. loaf (of bread)
  3. circled shape of bread

Declension

Declension of хлеб
singular plural
nominative хле̏б хлѐбови
genitive хлеба хлебова
dative хлебу хлебовима
accusative хлеб хлебове
vocative хлебе хлебови
locative хлебу хлебовима
instrumental хлебом хлебовима