خواهر

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See also: خواہر and جواهر

Persian

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Persian (hwʾhl /⁠xwāhar⁠/), (AHTE /⁠xwah⁠⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *hwáhā, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *swasar-, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.

Cognate with Northern Kurdish xwişk, xweh, خوشک (xuşk), Baluchi گوہار (gohár), Pashto خور (xowr), Ossetian хо (xo) and Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬭 (xᵛaŋhar)

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? xwāhar
Dari reading? xāhar
Iranian reading? xâhar
Tajik reading? xohar
  • Audio (Iran):(file)
  • Rhymes: -ar

Noun

خواهر (xwāhar / xâhar) (plural خواهران (xwāharān / xâharân), or خواهرها (xwāhar-hā / xâhar-hâ), Tajik spelling хоҳар)

  1. sister
    Synonym: باجی (bājī / bâji) (dialectal)
  2. sissy

Inflection

Basic forms of خواهر
singular plural
bare خواهر (xâhár) خواهران، خواهرا (xâharấn, xâharấ)
definitive direct object خواهر را، خواهر رو (xâhár râ, xâháro) خواهران را، خواهرا رو (xâharấn râ, xâharấ ro)
ezâfe خواهر (xâhár-e) خواهران، خواهرای (xâharấn-e, xâharấ-ye)
marked indefinite
or relative definite
خواهری (xâhár-i) خواهرانی، خواهرایی (xâharấn-i, xâharấi)

Colloquial.

Possessive forms of خواهر
singular plural
1st person singular
(“my”)
خواهرم (xâháram) خواهرانم، خواهرام (xâharấnam, xâharấm)
2nd person singular
(“your”)
خواهرت (xâhárat, xâháret) خواهرانت، خواهرات (xâharấnat, xâharất)
3rd person singular
(“his, her, its”)
خواهرش (xâháraš, xâháreš) خواهرانش، خواهراش (xâharấnaš, xâharấš)
1st person plural
(“our”)
خواهرمان، خواهرمون (xâháremân, xâháremun) خواهرانمان، خواهرامون (xâharấnemân, xâharấmun)
2nd person plural
(“your”)
خواهرتان، خواهرتون (xâháretân, xâháretun) خواهرانتان، خواهراتون (xâharấnetân, xâharấtun)
3rd person plural
(“their”)
خواهرشان، خواهرشون (xâhárešân, xâhárešun) خواهرانشان، خواهراشون (xâharấnešân, xâharấšun)

Colloquial.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Urdu: خواہر (xāhar)

See also

Iranian Persian dialectal kinship terms
واژِگانِ لَهْجِه‌هایِ فارْسیِ ایرانی بَرایِ خویشاوَنْدانِ نَسَبی
vâžegân-e lahje-hâ-ye fârsi-ye irâni barâ-ye xišâvandân-e nasabi
Iranian Persian dialectal kinship terms
Family member Standard Iranian Persian Tehrani dialect Abadani dialect Kashani dialect Shirazi dialect
mother مادر (mâdar) مامان (mâmân) ننه (nene) مامو (mâmo)
grandmother مادربزرگ (mâdar-bozorg) مامانبزرگ (mâmân-bozorg) بی‌بی (bi-bi) ماجون (mâjun) بی‌بی (bi-bi)
father پدر (pedar) بابا (bâbâ) دده (dede) بابا (bâbâ) بابو (bâbo)
grandfather پدربزرگ (pedar-bozorg) بابابزرگ (bâbâbozorg) بوبزرگ (bovobozorg)

آقوبزرگ (âġobozorg)

sister خواهر (xâhar) آبجی (âbji) دده (dade) آباجی (âbâji)
older sister خواهربزرگ (xâhar-bozorg) آق‌‌باجی (âġ-bâji) باجی (bâji) شاباجی (šâbâji)
brother برادر (barâdar) داداش (dâdâš) کا () وردار (vardâr) کاکو (kâko)

داچی (dâčči) (younger brother)

older brother برادربزرگ (barâdar-bozorg) آکاکو (âkâko)
maternal aunt
(mother's sister)
خاله (xâle)
maternal uncle
(mother's brother)
دایی (dâyi) خالو (xâlu) دئی (do'i)

خاندوی (xân-doy) (more respectful)

paternal aunt
(father's sister)
عمه (amme)
paternal uncle
(father's brother)
عمو (amu) آمو, عامو (âmu) آمو, عامو (âmu)
  1. When referring to older family members, both بزرگ (bozorg) and کلان (kalân) are correct, but the former is more common in Iran.
Dari Persian dialectal kinship terms
Family member Standard Dari Kabuli dialect Hazaragi dialect
mother مادر (mādar) ننه (nana) آبه (āba)
grandmother مادرکلان (mādar-kalān) بی‌بی (bī-bī) آجه (āja)
بی‌بی (bī-bī)
father پدر (padar) بابا (bābā) آته (āta)
grandfather پدرکلان (padar-kalān) باباجی (bābājī)
آغا (āġā)
بابا (bābā)
sister خواهر (xāhar) خوار (xwār, xār)
older sister خواهرکلان (xāhar-kalān) آغا (āġā)
باجی (bājī)
brother برادر (barādar) بیادر (biyādar) برار (birār)
older brother برادرکلان (barādar-kalān) لالا (lālā)
maternal aunt
(mother's sister)
خاله (xāla)
maternal uncle
(mother's brother)
ماما (māmā) ماما (māmā)
تغایی (taġāyī)
paternal aunt
(father's sister)
عمه (amma)
paternal uncle
(father's brother)
کاکا (kākā)
  1. When referring to older family members, both بزرگ (buzurg) and کلان (kalān) are correct, but the latter is more common in Afghanistan.
  2. In many dialects, cases of word final ـا () may be optionally shortened to ـه (-a), e.g. بابا (bābā) > بابه (bāba).
  3. In many dialects, terms ending in ـه (-a) or ـا () may have an epenthetic ـی (-y) added (unrelated to ezafe), e.g. عمه (amma) > عمی (ammay).