شفق

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See also: شقق, سقف, and شقف

Arabic

Root
ش ف ق (š f q)
5 terms

Verb

شَفَقَ (šafaqa) I (non-past يَشْفُقُ (yašfuqu) or يَشْفِقُ (yašfiqu), verbal noun شَفَق (šafaq) or شَفَقَة (šafaqa))

  1. (construed with عَلَى (ʕalā)) to feel compassion with, have mercy upon, pardon
  2. to love tenderly
  3. (obsolete) to feel anxiety, to be cautious

Conjugation

Verb

شَفَّقَ (šaffaqa) II (non-past يُشَفِّقُ (yušaffiqu), verbal noun تَشْفِيق (tašfīq))

  1. (obsolete) to overcautiously produce in but a scanty fashion

Conjugation

Noun

شَفَق (šafaqm (plural أَشْفَاق (ʔašfāq))

  1. verbal noun of شَفَقَ (šafaqa, to feel compassion with, have mercy upon) (form I)
  2. compassion, tender sympathy
  3. ruddy light
    1. the evening twilight; afterglow, crepuscule; gloaming
      Coordinate term: غَلَسَ (ḡalasa, the morning twilight)
  4. (obsolete) heed, anxiety, precaution
  5. (obsolete) a kind of tenuously red garment
  6. (obsolete) aloof region confining on a location, tract of the coast or the like (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)
    Synonyms: عِرَاق (ʕirāq), نَاحِيَة (nāḥiya), مَجَاز (majāz), عِرْض (ʕirḍ), سَوَاد (sawād), صُقْل (ṣuql), عَضُد (ʕaḍud)

Declension

Descendants

  • Maltese: xefaq
  • Azerbaijani: şəfəq
  • Kazakh: шапақ (şapaq)
  • Northern Kurdish: şebeq
  • Persian: شفق
  • Turkish: şafak

References

  • Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 715–716
  • Freytag, Georg (1833) “شفق”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 435
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “شفق”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, pages 1249–1250
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “شفق”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1573
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “شفق”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen, page 547
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “شفق”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 559

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شَفَق (šafaq).

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? šafaq
Dari reading? šafaq
Iranian reading? šafağ
Tajik reading? šafaq

Noun

شفق (šafaq)

  1. the evening twilight, afterglow, crepuscule

Further reading

  • Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “شفق”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim