मोह

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Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀫𑁄𑀳 (moha), from Sanskrit मोह (móha).

Pronunciation

Noun

मोह • (moh) m (Urdu spelling موہ)

  1. bewilderment, infatuation, attachment
  2. love, charm

Declension

Declension of मोह (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct मोह
moh 		मोह
moh
oblique मोह
moh 		मोहों
mohõ
vocative मोह
moh 		मोहो
moho

References

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

Noun

मोह m

  1. Devanagari script form of moha

Declension

Declension table of "मोह" (masculine)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)मोहो (moho)मोहा (mohā)
Accusative (second)मोहं (mohaṃ)मोहे (mohe)
Instrumental (third)मोहेन (mohena)मोहेहि (mohehi) or मोहेभि (mohebhi)
Dative (fourth)मोहस्स (mohassa) or मोहाय (mohāya) or मोहत्थं (mohatthaṃ)मोहानं (mohānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)मोहस्मा (mohasmā) or मोहम्हा (mohamhā) or मोहा (mohā)मोहेहि (mohehi) or मोहेभि (mohebhi)
Genitive (sixth)मोहस्स (mohassa)मोहानं (mohānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)मोहस्मिं (mohasmiṃ) or मोहम्हि (mohamhi) or मोहे (mohe)मोहेसु (mohesu)
Vocative (calling)मोह (moha)मोहा (mohā)

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *máwǰʰas, from the root *mawǰʰ- ~ *mawgʰ- (“to err, to be foolish, to deviate”), with further origin uncertain.

The "strange palatal alternation" of the root's final consonant suggests a borrowing from a non-Indo-European language, perhaps the BMAC substrate due to the root's presence in both Indic and Iranic. Alternatively, it suggests contamination from similar roots, such as *dʰrúkš (“lie, deceive”), whence द्रुह् (druh, “injury”), and *gʰawȷ́ʰ- (“to hide, conceal”), whence गुह् (guh, “to conceal”).

Cognate with Avestan 𐬆𐬴𐬆𐬨𐬀𐬊𐬖𐬀 (əṣ̌əmaoγa, “teacher of false doctrines”), Middle Persian 'hl-mwg'n (“heretics”), Khotanese (mūys-, “to be foolish”).

Pronunciation

Noun

मोह • (móha) stem, m (root मुह्)

  1. loss of consciousness, bewilderment, perplexity, distraction, infatuation, delusion, error, folly
    • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 8.8.9:
      सेदिरुग्रा व्यृद्धिरार्तिश्चानपवाचना ।
      श्रमस्तन्द्रीश्च मोहश्च तैरमून् अभि दधामि सर्वान् ॥
      sedirugrā vyṛddhirārtiścānapavācanā.
      śramastandrīśca mohaśca tairamūn abhi dadhāmi sarvān.
      Great weakness and misfortune, pain which words can never charm away,
      Languor, fatigue, bewilderment, with these I compass all the foes.
  2. fainting, stupefaction, a swoon
  3. (in philosophy) darkness or delusion of mind (preventing the discernment of truth and leading men to believe in the reality of worldly objects)
  4. (with Buddhists) ignorance (one of the three roots of vice Dharmas. 139)
  5. a magical art employed to bewilder an enemy (= मोहन)
  6. wonder, amazement
  7. Infatuation personified (as the offspring of ब्रह्मा)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of मोह (móha)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative मोहः
móhaḥ 		मोहौ / मोहा¹
móhau / móhā¹ 		मोहाः / मोहासः¹
móhāḥ / móhāsaḥ¹
Vocative मोह
móha 		मोहौ / मोहा¹
móhau / móhā¹ 		मोहाः / मोहासः¹
móhāḥ / móhāsaḥ¹
Accusative मोहम्
móham 		मोहौ / मोहा¹
móhau / móhā¹ 		मोहान्
móhān
Instrumental मोहेन
móhena 		मोहाभ्याम्
móhābhyām 		मोहैः / मोहेभिः¹
móhaiḥ / móhebhiḥ¹
Dative मोहाय
móhāya 		मोहाभ्याम्
móhābhyām 		मोहेभ्यः
móhebhyaḥ
Ablative मोहात्
móhāt 		मोहाभ्याम्
móhābhyām 		मोहेभ्यः
móhebhyaḥ
Genitive मोहस्य
móhasya 		मोहयोः
móhayoḥ 		मोहानाम्
móhānām
Locative मोहे
móhe 		मोहयोः
móhayoḥ 		मोहेषु
móheṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Konkani: मोग (mog, “love”)
  • → Kannada: ಮೋಹ (mōha)
  • → Tamil: மோகம் (mōkam)
  • → Telugu: మోహము (mōhamu)
  • Japanese: 馬鹿 (“foolish; fool”)

References

  • Monier Williams (1899) “मोह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 836.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 384-385
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 662
  • Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 271
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