廓

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廓 U+5ED3, 廓
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5ED3
← 廒
 		CJK Unified Ideographs 廔 →
廓 U+FA0B, 廓
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA0B
← 見
 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 兀 →

Translingual

Han character

廓 (Kangxi radical 53, 广+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 戈卜木中 (IYDL), four-corner 00227, composition ⿸广郭)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 350, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9461
  • Dae Jaweon: page 661, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 895, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+5ED3

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 廓
alternative forms 𢌓
𢋽

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (郭) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
郭 *kʷaːɡ
埻 *tjunʔ, *kʷaːɡ, *kʷreːɡ
崞 *kʷaːɡ
椁 *kʷaːɡ
槨 *kʷaːɡ
噋 *tʰuːn, *kʰʷaːɡ
廓 *kʰʷaːɡ
鞹 *kʰʷaːɡ
漷 *kʰʷaːɡ, *qʰʷraːɡ
霩 *qʰʷaːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰʷaːɡ) : semantic 广 (“broad; wide; extensive”) + phonetic 郭 (OC *kʷaːɡ).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • khok - literary;
  • koh - vernacular.
    Rime
    Character 廓
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
    Final (韻) 鐸 (104)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 苦郭切
    Baxter khwak
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kʰwɑk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kʰʷɑk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kʰuɑk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kʰwak̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/kʰuɑk̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/kʰuɑk̚/
    Bernhard
    Karlgren         		/kʰwɑk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		kuo
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		fok3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 廓
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		kuò
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ khwak ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kʷʰˁak/
    English widen

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 廓
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 4758
    Phonetic
    component         		郭
    Rime
    group         		鐸
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		廓
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kʰʷaːɡ/

    Definitions

    廓

    1. broad; wide; open; empty
    2. (literary) to expand; to widen
    3. (literary) to clear away; to eliminate
    4. outline; contour
      輪廓／轮廓  ―  lúnkuò  ―  outline
    5. 46th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "enlargement" (𝌳)

    Compounds

    References

    Japanese

    Kanji

    廓

    (Hyōgai kanji)

    Readings

    • Go-on: かく (kaku)
    • Kan-on: かく (kaku)
    • Kun: とりで (toride)、くるわ (kuruwa, 廓)

    Compounds

    Etymology

    Kanji in this term
    廓
    くるわ
    Hyōgai
    kun'yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 廓 – see the following entry.
    【くるわ】
    a palisade, wall, moat, natural waterway, or other structure used to divide a specific area from its surroundings, such as a castle or fort
    the area so bounded by such a structure
    a red-light district, specifically one that is divided from the rest of the town by means of a wall or fence or similar structure
    (poetry, haiku) in 俳諧 (haikai, “vulgar haiku”), the general realm of subject matter used for the opening line
    Alternative spellings
    曲輪, 郭
    (This term, 廓, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Korean

    Etymology 1

    From Middle Chinese 廓 (MC khwak).

    Hanja

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    廓 (eumhun 둘레 곽 (dulle gwak))

    1. hanja form? of 곽 (“girdle, circumference, outside, enclosure, wall”)
      Synonym: 郭 (곽 (gwak))

    Compounds

    Etymology 2

    Hanja

    廓 (eumhun 클 확 (keul hwak))

    1. hanja form? of 확 (“wide; broad; large”)
      Synonym: 廣 (광 (gwang))
    2. hanja form? of 확 (“to widen; broaden; enlarge”)
      Synonym: 擴 (확 (hwak))

    Compounds

    References

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

    Vietnamese

    Han character

    廓: Hán Nôm readings: quách

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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