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U+90ED, 郭
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-90ED

CJK Unified Ideographs

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 163, +8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜木弓中 (YDNL), four-corner 07427, composition )

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1273, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39474
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1771, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3780, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+90ED

Chinese

simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𨟍
𩫩
𩫏
𩫖

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Originally written 𩫏.

Later was added to form an ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : 𩫏 (tall building) + (city) – a city with tall buildings.

From clerical script, the 𩫏 became written as the unrelated through the process of libian.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/r-kawk ~ s/r-kwak (outer covering; skin, bark, rind) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007).

“to be none of someone's own business”
Contraction of (guān wǒ), short for 關我屁事关我屁事 (guān wǒ pìshì).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • guóh - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • guók - literary.
Note:
  • go5 - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • gorh6 - literary.
Note:
  • keh/kerh/koeh - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • kok - literary.
Note:
  • guêh4 - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • guag4 - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /kuo⁵⁵/
Harbin /kuo⁴⁴/
Tianjin /kuo²¹/
Jinan /kuə²¹³/
Qingdao /kuə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /kuo²⁴/
Xi'an /kuo²¹/
Xining /ku⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kuə¹³/
Lanzhou /kuə¹³/
Ürümqi /kuɤ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /kuo²¹³/
Chengdu /kue³¹/
/ko³¹/
Guiyang /ko²¹/
Kunming /ko³¹/
Nanjing /kueʔ⁵/
Hefei /kuɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /kuəʔ²/
Pingyao /kuʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /kuəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /koʔ⁵/
Suzhou /koʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /koʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /ko²¹³/
Hui Shexian /kɔʔ²¹/
Tunxi /ko⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ko²⁴/
Xiangtan /ko²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /kuɔʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /kuok̚¹/
Taoyuan /kok̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kwɔk̚³/
Nanning /kʰɔk̚³³/
Hong Kong /kwɔk̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kɔk̚³²/
/keʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kuɔʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kua²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kueʔ²/
Haikou (Hainanese) /kɔk̚⁵/
/kue⁵⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (104)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter kwak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kwɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʷɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/kuɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kwak̚/
Li
Rong
/kuɑk̚/
Wang
Li
/kuɑk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/kwɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
guo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gwok3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
guō
Middle
Chinese
‹ kwak ›
Old
Chinese
/*kʷˁak/
English outer wall

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 4752
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʷaːɡ/

Definitions

  1. outer city wall
  2. (literary) (alt. form ) outline
  3. () (historical) Guo, a minor state that existed during the Zhou dynasty and was conquered by the state of Qi in 670 BCE.
  4. (Taiwan, Internet slang) to be none of someone's own business; to have nothing to do with someone
  5. a surname
      ―  Guō Shǒujìng  ―  Guo Shoujing (Yuan dynasty Chinese astronomer)

Descendants

  • English: Guo, Kuo, Kwok, Kuok, Quek, Kuek, Kwek
  • Tagalog: Kwek, Que

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. Quarter (of a city)
  2. Enclosure

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
くるわ
Grade: S
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
くるわ
a palisade, wall, moat, natural waterway, or other structure used to divide a specific area from its surroundings, such as a castle or fort
the area so bounded by such a structure
a red-light district, specifically one that is divided from the rest of the town by means of a wall or fence or similar structure
(poetry, haiku) in 俳諧 (haikai, vulgar haiku), the general realm of subject matter used for the opening line
Alternative spellings
曲輪,
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese (MC kwak). Recorded as Middle Korean 곽〮 (kwák) (Yale: kwak) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 둘레/성곽 (dulle/seonggwak gwak))

  1. hanja form? of (outer city wall; girdle)
    Synonym: ( (gwak))
  2. hanja form? of (a surname)

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: quách[1][2][3][4][5][6]
: Nôm readings: quách[1][2][3][7], quắt[1]

  1. chữ Hán form of quách (sarcophagus, outer coffin; outer wall, as of a city or fort; jar containing human remains for reburial).
  2. chữ Hán form of Quách (a surname).

References