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郭. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
郭, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
郭 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
郭 you have here. The definition of the word
郭 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
郭, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Translingual
Han character
郭 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜木弓中 (YDNL), four-corner 07427, composition ⿰享阝)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1273, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39474
- Dae Jaweon: page 1771, character 20
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3780, character 7
- Unihan data for U+90ED
Chinese
Glyph origin
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Old Chinese
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郭
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*kʷaːɡ
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埻
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*tjunʔ, *kʷaːɡ, *kʷreːɡ
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崞
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*kʷaːɡ
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椁
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*kʷaːɡ
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槨
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*kʷaːɡ
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噋
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*tʰuːn, *kʰʷaːɡ
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廓
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*kʰʷaːɡ
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鞹
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*kʰʷaːɡ
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漷
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*kʰʷaːɡ, *qʰʷraːɡ
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霩
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*qʰʷaːɡ
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Originally written 𩫏.
Later 邑 was added to form an ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 𩫏 (“tall building”) + 邑 (“city”) – a city with tall buildings.
From clerical script, the 𩫏 became written as the unrelated 享 through the process of libian.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/r-kawk ~ s/r-kwak (“outer covering; skin, bark, rind”) (STEDT, Schuessler, 2007).
- “to be none of someone's own business”
- Contraction of 關我/关我 (guān wǒ), short for 關我屁事/关我屁事 (guān wǒ pìshì).
Pronunciation
Note:
- guóh - vernacular (incl. surname);
- guók - literary.
Note:
- go5 - vernacular (incl. surname);
- gorh6 - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Magong)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Hsinchu, Kinmen)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Singapore)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- keh/kerh/koeh - vernacular (incl. surname);
- kok - literary.
Note:
- guêh4 - vernacular (incl. surname);
- guag4 - literary.
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
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Character
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郭
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Reading #
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1/1
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Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
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guō
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Middle Chinese
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‹ kwak ›
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Old Chinese
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/*kʷˁak/
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English
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outer wall
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Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
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Zhengzhang system (2003)
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Character
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郭
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Reading #
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1/1
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No.
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4752
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Phonetic component
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郭
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Rime group
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鐸
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Rime subdivision
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0
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Corresponding MC rime
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郭
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Old Chinese
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/*kʷaːɡ/
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Definitions
郭
- outer city wall
三里之城,七里之郭,環而攻之而不勝。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
三里之城,七里之郭,环而攻之而不胜。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
- Sān lǐ zhī chéng, qī lǐ zhī guō, huán ér gōng zhī ér bù shèng.
- There is a city, with an inner wall of three li in circumference, and an outer wall of seven. The enemy surround and attack it, but they are not able to take it.
爺孃聞女來,出郭相扶將。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
爷娘闻女来,出郭相扶将。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- From: 木蘭詩 (Ballad of Mulan)
- Yéniáng wén nǚ lái, chū guō xiāng fújiāng.
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- (literary) (alt. form 廓) outline
- (~國) (historical) Guo, a minor state that existed during the Zhou dynasty and was conquered by the state of Qi in 670 BCE.
- (Taiwan, Internet slang) to be none of someone's own business; to have nothing to do with someone
- a surname
- 郭守敬 ― Guō Shǒujìng ― Guo Shoujing (Yuan dynasty Chinese astronomer)
Descendants
Compounds
Japanese
Kanji
郭
(Jōyō kanji)
- Quarter (of a city)
- Enclosure
Readings
Compounds
Etymology
For pronunciation and definitions of 郭 – see the following entry.
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【くるわ】
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- a palisade, wall, moat, natural waterway, or other structure used to divide a specific area from its surroundings, such as a castle or fort
- the area so bounded by such a structure
- a red-light district, specifically one that is divided from the rest of the town by means of a wall or fence or similar structure
- (poetry, haiku) in 俳諧 (haikai, “vulgar haiku”), the general realm of subject matter used for the opening line
Alternative spellings曲輪, 廓
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(This term, 郭, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
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Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 郭 (MC kwak). Recorded as Middle Korean 곽〮 (kwák) (Yale: kwak) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
Wikisource
郭 (eumhun 둘레/성곽 곽 (dulle/seonggwak gwak))
- hanja form? of 곽 (“outer city wall; girdle”)
- Synonym: 廓 (곽 (gwak))
- hanja form? of 곽 (“a surname”)
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典.
Vietnamese
Han character
郭: Hán Việt readings: quách[1][2][3][4][5][6]
郭: Nôm readings: quách[1][2][3][7], quắt[1]
- chữ Hán form of quách (“sarcophagus, outer coffin; outer wall, as of a city or fort; jar containing human remains for reburial”).
- chữ Hán form of Quách (“a surname”).
References