然而

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Chinese

so; thus; like this
so; thus; like this; ‑ly; correct; right
 
and; as well as; but (not)
and; as well as; but (not); yet (not); (shows causal relation); (shows change of state); (shows contrast)
 
trad. (然而) 然 而
simp. #(然而) 然 而

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 然 而
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 日 (38) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 仙 (77) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 如延切 如之切
Baxter nyen nyi
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ȵiᴇn/ /ȵɨ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ȵiɛn/ /ȵɨ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȵʑjæn/ /ȵʑie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ȵian/ /ȵɨ/
Li
Rong 		/ȵiɛn/ /ȵiə/
Wang
Li 		/ȵʑĭɛn/ /ȵʑĭə/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ȵʑi̯ɛn/ /ȵʑi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		rán ér
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jin4 ji4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 然 而
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		rán ér
Middle
Chinese 		‹ nyen › ‹ nyi ›
Old
Chinese 		/*a/ /*nə/
English so, thus; (adv suffix) and, but

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 然 而
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 10756 2720
Phonetic
component 		肰 而
Rime
group 		元 之
Rime
subdivision 		2 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		然 而
Old
Chinese 		/*njen/ /*njɯ/

Conjunction

然而

  1. but; yet

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 但是 (“but; however”)
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 而, 然, 但, 卻, 則
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 但是, 但, 可是, 不過, 然而
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 但是, 但, 可是, 不過
Malaysia 但
Singapore 但, 但是, 可是, 不過
Southwestern Mandarin Pematangsiantar tapi
Cantonese Guangzhou 但係, 不過, 之不過, 之但係
Hong Kong 但係, 不過, 之不過, 之但係, but
Taishan 但係
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 但係
Singapore (Guangfu) 但係, 不過, 之不過
Hakka Meixian 但係, 董係
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 但係, 毋過
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 但係, 毋過, 毋故
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 但係, 毋過
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 但係, 毋過
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 但係, 毋過
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 毋過
Senai (Huiyang) 但係
Kuching (Hepo) tapi
Eastern Min Fuzhou 但是
Matsu 但是
Southern Min Xiamen 但是, 毋過, 毋句, 不過, 不而過
Quanzhou 但是, 毋句, 不過, 不而過
Zhangzhou 但是, 毋過, 不過, 不而過
Taipei 但是, 毋過, 不而過
Penang (Hokkien) tapi, 但是
Singapore (Hokkien) tapi, 但是, 毋句, 毋過
Manila (Hokkien) 但是, 毋句, 毋過
Medan (Hokkien) tapi
Shantou 是呾
Shantou (Chenghai) 是呾
Jieyang 是呾, 比補
Bangkok (Teochew) 但是, แต่ว่า
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 但是, tapi
Singapore (Teochew) tapi, 不過, 但是
Wenchang 但是
Qionghai 但是
Wu Shanghai 但是, 必過, 不過, 但不過, 但必過
Wuxi 但必過
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