मृ

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Sanskrit

Alternative forms

मर् (mar)

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *mar-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mar-, from Proto-Indo-European *mer-. Cognate with Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬭- (mar-), Persian (mordan), Northern Kurdish mirin, مردن (mirdin), Old Armenian մեռանիմ (meṙanim), Old Church Slavonic мрѣти (mrěti), Lithuanian mirti, Latin morior.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /mr̩/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mr̩/

Root

मृ • (mṛ)

to die

Usage notes

The passive verb म्रियते (mriyáte) functions as the main present verb.

Derived terms

Sanskrit terms belonging to the root मृ (0 c, 10 e)

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root मृ (17 c, 0 e)

Primary Verbal Forms

मरति (márati, Present)
मरिष्यति (mariṣyáti, Future)
मर्ता (martā́, Periphrastic Future)
अमृत (ámṛta, Aorist)
मृषीष्ट (mṛṣīṣṭá, Benedictive)
ममार (mamā́ra, Perfect)

Secondary Forms

म्रियते (mriyáte, Passive)
अमारि (ámāri, Passive Aorist)
मारयति (māráyati, Causative)
अमीमरत् (ámīmarat, Causative Aorist)
मार्यते (māryate, Passive of Causative)
मुमूर्षति (mumūrṣati, Desiderative)
मरीमर्ति (marīmarti, Intensive)
मेम्रीयते (memrīyate, Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

मृत (mṛtá, Past Participle)
मर्तुम् (mártum, Infinitive)
मर्तवे (martave, Infinitive)
मृत्वा (mṛtvā́, Gerund)
मर्तव्य (martavya, Gerundive)
मिमारयिषु (mimārayiṣu, Desiderative Participle of Causative)

Derived Nominal Forms

मार (mā́ra, “slaying, killing, destroying; pestilence”)
मारण (mā́raṇa, “death, slaughter, killing; destruction; slayer”)
मारुक (mā́ruka, “perishing, dying”)
मर (mara, “dying, death; killing”)
मरण (maraṇa, “death, dying”)
मृत (mṛtá, “death”)
मर्त (márta, “mortal, man”)
मर्य (márya, “young man; suitor; mortal”)
मर्मन् (márman, “mortal spot, vulnerability; core”)
अमृत (amṛ́ta, “immortal, undying, ambrosia, nectar”)
मृति (mṛti, “death, dying”)
मम्रि (mamri, “mortal”)
मर्त्य (mártya, “human, man, mortal being”)
मर्त्यता (martyatā, “mortality”)
मर्त्या (mártyā, “death, dying”)
मार्त्य (mārtya, “mortality; corporeal part”)
मुमूर्षा (mumūrṣā, “desire for death; impatience with life”)
मुमूर्षु (mumūrṣu, “wishing to die; moribund, about to die”)
मारक (māraka, “plague, epidemic; murderer; hawk”)
मारि (māri, “pestilence, smallpox, killing”)
मारी (mārī, “killing, slaughter”)
मृतिमन् (mṛtiman, “mortality”)
मृतक (mṛtaka, “dead man, corpse; death, decease”)
मृत्यु (mṛtyú, “death, dying”)

Prefixed Root Forms

अनुमृ (anumṛ)
अभिमृ (abhimṛ)
परिमृ (parimṛ)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “मृ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 827, column 2.
William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 124
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 318-9

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