लभते

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *lebʰ- (“to take, seize”), see also Lithuanian lobis, possibly Latin labor.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /lɐ.bʱɐ.tɐj/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈl̪ɐ.bʱɐ.t̪eː/

Verb

लभते • (labhate) third-singular present indicative (root लभ्, class 1, type A)

1. to take, seize, catch
2. to catch sight of, meet with, find

   with अन्तरम् (antaram) — to find an opportunity, make an impression, be effective

   with अवकाशम् (avakāśam) — to find scope, be appropriate

   with कालम् (kālam) — to find the right time or moment

3. to gain possession of, obtain, receive, conceive, get, receive ("from" +ablative; "as" +accusative), recover ib.

   with गर्भम् (garbham) — to conceive an embryo, become pregnant

   with पदम् (padam) — to obtain a footing

4. to gain the power of (doing anything), succeed in, be permitted or allowed to (+infinitive or dative)

   labhate draṣṭum, or darśanāya — he is able or allowed to see

5. to possess, have
6. to perceive, know, understand, learn, find out
7. (passive voice) to be taken or caught or met with or found or got or obtained
8. to be allowed or permitted (infinitive sometimes with passive sense)

   nā-dharmo labhyate kartum — injustice ought not to be done

9. to follow, result
10. to be comprehended by (+ablative)
11. (causative) to cause to take or receive or obtain, give, bestow (generally with two accusatives; rarely with accusative and instrumental = to present with)
12. to get, procure (compare लम्भित (lambhita))
13. to find out, discover
14. to cause to suffer
15. (desiderative) to wish to seize or take or catch or obtain or receive (with accusative or genitive; "from" +ablative)

Conjugation

Descendants

• Pali: labhati
• Prakrit: 𑀮𑀳𑁂𑀇 (lahei), 𑀮𑀪𑀇 (labhaï)
  • Central:
    • Shauraseni Prakrit:
      • Hindustani: lahnā (to find, get, get on well, experience)

        Hindi: लहना

        Urdu: لَحنَا

      • Old Gujarati: लहइ
        • Gujarati: લહેવું (lahevũ, “to listen attentively”)
      • Romani: liel, lel
  • Eastern:
    • Magadhi Prakrit:
      • Assamese: লোৱা (lüa)
      • Bengali: লওয়া (loōẇa)
      • Odia: ଲଇବା (lôiba, “to take, hold, observe”)
  • Northern:
    • Kumaoni: ल्हिअण (lhiãṛ̃)
    • Western Pahari:
      • Bhattiyali: लैणा (laiṇā, “to take”)
      • Churahi: लैणा (laiṇā, “to take”)
  • Southern:
    • Elu Prakrit:
      • Dhivehi: ލިބެނީ (libenī)
      • Sinhalese: ලබනවා (labanawā)
    • Maharashtri Prakrit:
      • Marathi: लाहणें (lāhṇẽ, “to acquire”)
  • Western:
    • Paisaci Prakrit:
      • Punjabi: lahiṇā (“to find”)

        Gurmukhi script: ਪਹਿਣਾ

        Shahmukhi script: لَحِݨَا

        • Lahnda: لےحݨ (laihaṇ), لَحَݨ (lahaṇ)
      • Sindhi: lahaṇu (“to obtain”)

        Arabic script: لَهَڻُ

        Devanagari script: लहणु

• Dardic:
  • Gawar-Bati: (lē-, “to find”)
  • Kalami: (lāgā̃, “to receive”)
  • Khowar: لیىک (leik, “to obtain, find”)
  • Phalura: (lahe-, “to find”)
  • Shina: لیوک (layóĭki̯, “to obtain, find”)
    • Kohistani Shina: (lhaunṷ)
• → Proto-Nuristani:
  • Waigali: (lā-), (lawŕ-)
  • Dameli: (lay-, “to find”)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “लभते”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, , new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0896.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “labhate”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 635