如臨深淵

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Chinese

as (if); such as
to face; to overlook; to arrive
to face; to overlook; to arrive; to be (just) about to; just before
 
abyss; abyss; catastrophic situation
trad. (如臨深淵) 深淵
simp. (如临深渊) 深渊
Literally: “like on the edge of an abyss”.

Etymology

See 戰戰兢兢战战兢兢 (zhànzhànjīngjīng).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/1
Initial () (38) (37) (26) (34)
Final () (22) (139) (139) (86)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open Closed
Division () III III III IV
Fanqie
Baxter nyo lim syim 'wen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ȵɨʌ/ /liɪm/ /ɕiɪm/ /ʔwen/
Pan
Wuyun
/ȵiɔ/ /lim/ /ɕim/ /ʔʷen/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȵʑiɔ/ /ljem/ /ɕjem/ /ʔuɛn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ȵɨə̆/ /lim/ /ɕim/ /ʔwɛn/
Li
Rong
/ȵiɔ/ /liəm/ /ɕiəm/ /ʔuen/
Wang
Li
/ȵʑĭo/ /lĭĕm/ /ɕĭĕm/ /iwen/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ȵʑi̯wo/ /li̯əm/ /ɕi̯əm/ /ʔiwen/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
lín shēn yuān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jyu4 lam4 sam1 jyun1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2 1/1 1/2 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
lín shēn yuān
Middle
Chinese
‹ nyo › ‹ lim › ‹ syim › ‹ ʔwen ›
Old
Chinese
/*na/ /*(p.)rum/ /*m/ /*ʷˁi/
English as, like, if look down at deep abyss

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/1
No. 9623 9801 11255 16099
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 1 3 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*nja/ /*b·rɯm/ /*hljum/ /*qʷiːn/

Idiom

如臨深淵

  1. (figurative) to be extremely cautious