侵

Translingual

Han character

侵 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人尸一水 (OSME), four-corner 2724₇, composition ⿰亻𠬶)

Derived characters

• 𠸬, 寑, 葠, 䈜, 𩮕, 蘉, 𨃏, 𣷽, 𦺭, 𣋨, 𭁾, 𩤨, 𱆷

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 103, character 19
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 646
• Dae Jaweon: page 218, character 30
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 166, character 12
• Unihan data for U+4FB5

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 侵
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts
Oracle bone script j19020 j19021 j19022 j19023 j19024 j19025 j19026 j19027 j19028 j19029 j19030 j19031 j19032 j19033 j19034 j19035 j19036 Bronze inscriptions b12332 Small seal script s05791 Transcribed ancient scripts L33710 L33711 L33712 L33713 L12221 L12222 L12223 L12224 L12225
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

According to Shuowen, an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 人 (“person”) + 帚 (“broom”) + 又 (“hand”) – a person with a broom in hand.

Etymology 1

Two Sino-Tibetan etymologies are possible:

• Cognate with Tibetan སྟིམ་པ (stim pa, “to enter; to penetrate”), Tibetan ཐིམ་པ (thim pa, “to dissolve; to disappear; absorbed”), though the two terms agree just as well with 浸 (OC *ʔsims, *sʰim) (Schuessler, 2007), or
• From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *syim (“sweep”) (STEDT); cognate with Anong śim (“to sweep”), Lhao Vo śam (“to sweep”), Burmese သိမ်း (sim:, “to gather in; to take possession of”). Note the graph 侵 shows a broom (帚) which may carry a semantic function (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

Definitions

侵

1. (literary) to gradually go in
2. to invade; to encroach

   侵略  ―  qīnlüè  ―  to invade

   • 四年春，齊侯以諸侯之師侵蔡。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     四年春，齐侯以诸侯之师侵蔡。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Sì nián chūn, Qí hóu yǐ zhūhóu zhī shī qīn Cài.

     In this year, in spring, the marquis of Qi, with the forces of many of the princes, made an incursion into Cai.

3. approaching

   侵晨  ―  qīnchén  ―  the approach of daybreak

4. a surname

Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Definitions

侵 (Cantonese)

1. to add in (water or other fluid)
2. to allow (somebody) to join

   佢哋唔侵我玩。 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   keoi⁵ dei⁶ m⁴ cam¹ ngo⁵ waan^4-2.

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Japanese

Shinjitai	侵
Kyūjitai	侵󠄁 侵+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	侵󠄃 侵+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. to invade
2. to raid
3. to encroach, to trespass
4. to violate

Readings

• Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)^{←しん (sin, historical)←しむ (simu, ancient)}
• Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)^{←しん (sin, historical)←しむ (simu, ancient)}
• Kun: おかす (okasu, 侵す, Jōyō)

References

Korean

Hanja

侵 (eum 침 (chim))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

侵: Hán Nôm readings: xâm, xăm, xơm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation