寒天
Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word 寒天. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word 寒天, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say 寒天 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word 寒天 you have here. The definition of the word 寒天 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of寒天, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Chinese
| cold; poor; to tremble | day; sky; heaven | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (寒天) |
寒 | 天 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): hon4 tin1
- Hakka
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gua1 ting1 / guann1 ting1
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: hántiān
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˊ ㄊㄧㄢ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hántian
- Wade–Giles: han2-tʻien1
- Yale: hán-tyān
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: harntian
- Palladius: ханьтянь (xanʹtjanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xän³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: hántiānr
- Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˊ ㄊㄧㄢㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: hántianr
- Wade–Giles: han2-tʻien1-ʼrh
- Yale: hán-tyānr
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: harntial
- Palladius: ханьтяньр (xanʹtjanʹr)
- Sinological IPA (key): /xän³⁵ tʰi̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: hon4 tin1
- Yale: hòhn tīn
- Cantonese Pinyin: hon4 tin1
- Guangdong Romanization: hon4 tin1
- Sinological IPA (key): /hɔːn²¹ tʰiːn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hòn-thiên
- Hakka Romanization System: honˇ tienˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: hon2 tian1
- Sinological IPA: /hon¹¹ tʰi̯en²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: hon tienˋ
- Sinological IPA: /hon⁵⁵ tʰien⁵³/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gua1 ting1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kua⁵³³⁻¹¹ (tʰ-)liŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: guann1 ting1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kũã⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ (tʰ-)niŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
Noun
寒天
- chilly weather; cold weather
- (Hakka, Eastern Min, Southern Min, Puxian Min, Wu) winter
- Alternative name for 洋菜 (yángcài, “agar; agar-agar: vegetable gelatine”).
Usage notes
- This is a more colloquial way to say “winter” than 冬天 (tang-thiⁿ) in Min Nan.
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 冬天 (“winter”)
Derived terms
References
- 李如龙 , 刘福铸 , 吴华英 , 黄国城 (2019) 莆仙方言调查报告 (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 33.
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 寒 | 天 |
| かん Grade: 3 |
てん Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi | |
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese compound 寒天 (MC han then). Compare the modern Hakka hòn-thiên or Min Nan kôaⁿ-thiⁿ.
Noun
Synonyms
- 寒空 (samuzora)
Etymology 2
Kanten was discovered in roughly 1658 by innkeeper 美濃太郎左衛門 (Mino Tarōzaemon) after discarding some 心太 (tokoroten, “a kind of jelly-like noodle made from boiled seaweed extract”) outside, and noticing that it had gelled overnight in the winter weather and then dried to a white powder over the next few days. According to various sources, the substance was called 寒天 by taking the first and last elements of the phrase 寒晒(し)心太 (kan-zarashi tokoroten), literally “cold-exposed tokoroten”.
Noun
Derived terms
- 寒天紙 (kantengami): a thin sheet of dried kanten, used to add gloss to woven textiles and as decoration for women's braided hairstyles
- 寒天草 (kantengusa): alternate name for 天草 (tengusa), a sea vegetable from which kanten is made
- 寒天織 (kanten shiki): gelatinous connective tissue, a type of connective tissue found in invertebrate animals and in the early stages of vertebrate animal development
- 寒天培養基 (kanten baiyōki): agar culture medium
- 寒天版 (kantenban): an agar printing plate used for printmaking, basically identical to a gelatin printing plate
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ 2014, 女性におすすめのダイエット食と健康食 (Josei ni Osusume no Daietto Shoku to Kenkō Shoku, “Diet and Health Foods Recommended for Women”) (in Japanese), All About staff editors, Tōkyō: All About.
Text may be viewable at Google Books here. - ^ 2006, 日本料理事物起源 (Nihon Ryōri Jibutsu Kigen, “The Origins of Japanese Cuisine Items”) (in Japanese), Kōzō Kawakami and Masahiro Koide, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten.
A text snippet may be viewable at Google Books here.
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.