重んずる

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
重
おも
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Etymology

Regular shift in conjugation from Classical Japanese verb 重んず (omonzu), a phonetic shift from Classical Japanese 重みす (omomi su),[1][2][3][4] from 重 (omo, stem of adjective 重い (omoi, “heavy”)) +‎ み (-mi) +‎ す (su, “to do”),[5] where みす (-mi su) was a grammaticalised pattern meaning “treat (noun) as (adjective); find (noun) (adjective)”.[5] Literally, “to treat as heavy”. Compare the kango (漢語) 重視 (jūshi, “value, esteem, respect”), from 重 (“heavy; important”) +‎ 視 (“to see”).

Pronunciation

Verb

重(おも)んずる • (omonzuru) transitive suru (stem 重(おも)んじ (omonji), past 重(おも)んじた (omonjita))

  1. to honour, to respect, to esteem
  2. to cherish, to prize

Conjugation

Conjugation of "重んずる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 重んじ
重んぜ 		おもんじ
おもんぜ 		omonji
omonze
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 重んじ おもんじ omonji
Shūshikei ("terminal") 重んずる おもんずる omonzuru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 重んずる おもんずる omonzuru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 重んずれ おもんずれ omonzure
Meireikei ("imperative") 重んぜよ¹
重んじろ² 		おもんぜよ¹
おもんじろ² 		omonzeyo¹
omonjiro²
Key constructions
Passive 重んじられる
重んぜられる 		おもんじられる
おもんぜられる 		omonjirareru
omonzerareru
Causative 重んじさせる
重んじさす 		おもんじさせる
おもんじさす 		omonjisaseru
omonjisasu
Potential 重んじられる
重んぜられる 		おもんじられる
おもんぜられる 		omonjirareru
omonzerareru
Volitional 重んじよう おもんじよう omonjiyō
Negative 重んじない おもんじない omonjinai
Negative continuative 重んぜず おもんぜず omonzezu
Formal 重んじます おもんじます omonjimasu
Perfective 重んじた おもんじた omonjita
Conjunctive 重んじて おもんじて omonjite
Hypothetical conditional 重んずれば おもんずれば omonzureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Shinmura, Izuru, editor (1998), 広辞苑 [Kōjien] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  4. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Frellesvig, Bjarke (2010) A History of the Japanese Language, Cambridge University Press, New York, →ISBN, page 87
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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