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Hungarian
Etymology
From -né (conditional suffix) + -k (personal suffix).
Pronunciation
Suffix
-nék
- (personal conditional suffix) Forms the first-person singular present tense of verbs (conditional mood, indefinite conjugation).
- olvas (“to read”) + -nék → olvasnék (“I would read”)
- Ma csak könyveket olvasnék. ― Today I would read only books.
- (personal conditional suffix) Forms the third-person plural present tense of verbs (conditional mood, definite conjugation).
- kér (“to ask”) + -nék → kérnék (“they would ask”)
- Ők azt kérnék, hogy hívd fel őket. ― They would ask you to call them.
- (personal suffix, archaic, only with -ik verbs) Forms the third-person singular conditional present indefinite.
- 1854, János Vajda, Béla királyfi (‘Prince Béla’)
- Legeléskor csöndes, ehhöz semmi kedve, ¶ Mintha szeretné, ha más ennék helyette.
- is quiet when grazing, he has no mood for it, ¶ as if he preferred someone else to eat for him.
- (Literally, “…as if he preferred if someone else ate …”)
- Synonym: (current form) -ne
Usage notes
Conditional indefinite – personal endings
- (personal conditional suffix, indefinite first-person singular) Variants:
- -nék is added to most verbs (there is no back-vowel variant in standard Hungarian)
- vár (“to wait”) + -nék → várnék (“I would wait”)
- -anék is added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t (exceptions: áll, száll, varr, forr, lát)
- mond (“to say something”) + -anék → mondanék (“I would say something”)
- tanít (“to teach”) + -anék → tanítanék (“I would teach”)
- -enék is added to front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t
- fest (“to paint”) + -enék → festenék (“I would paint”)
- segít (“to help”) + -enék → segítenék (“I would help”)
Conditional definite – personal endings
- (personal conditional suffix) Variants:
- -nák is added to most back-vowel verbs
- vár (“to wait”) + -nák → várnák (“they would expect”)
- A szülők azt várnák, hogy a gyerekek tanuljanak. ― The parents would expect the children to study.
- -nék is added to most front-vowel verbs
- kér (“to ask”) + -nék → kérnék (“they would ask”)
- A szüleim azt kérnék, hogy hívd fel őket. ― My parents would (like to) ask you to call them.
- -anák is added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t (exceptions: áll, száll, varr, forr, lát)
- mond (“to say”) + -anák → mondanák (“they would say”)
- Nem mondanák, ha nem lenne igaz. ― They would not say it if it weren't true.
- tanít (“to teach”) + -anák → tanítanák (“they would teach”)
- Ők tanítanák a gyerekeket. ― They would teach the children.
- -enék is added to front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or in a long vowel + t
- fest (“to paint”) + -enék → festenék (“they would paint”)
- Ők festenék a házat. ― They would paint the house.
- segít (“to help”) + -enék → segítenék (“they would help”)
- Ők segítenék a családot. ― They would help the family.
See also