Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

From two related Proto-Indo-European verbs:

• Present tense from the perfective *dʰéh₁t, although the o-grade form *dʰóh₁t is unexpected.
• Past tense from the past of the reduplicated imperfective *dʰédʰeh₁ti.

Both originate from the root *dʰeh₁- (“to place, do”).^[1]

• IPA^(key): /ˈdɔː.nɑ̃/

*dōną

1. to do, make
2. to put, place

In almost all Germanic languages but the ancient ones, the first person singular form *dōmi was replaced by *dō by analogy with class II weak verbs. Remnants exist in dialects of Flemish, West- and Estphalian and Central Hessian.

• *dēdiz
• *dōmaz
• *uzdaz

• Proto-West Germanic: *dōn
  • Old English: dōn, doan — Anglian, doa, doæ, doe, Northumbrian
    • Middle English: don, donne, doyn, do, doon
      • English: do
      • Geordie English: de, dee, div
      • Scots: dae, dee (Doric)
      • Yola: doone, deen
  • Old Frisian: dwā, dwān, duān, duā, dūa
    • North Frisian:

      Föhr-Amrum: du

      Mooring: düünj

    • Saterland Frisian: dwo
    • West Frisian: dwaan
  • Old Saxon: dōn, doan, dūan, duon
    • Middle Low German: dôn
      • Low German: deoen (Paderbornisch), dohn (Münsterländisch); doon
  • Old Dutch: duon
    • Middle Dutch: doen
      • Dutch: doen
        • Afrikaans: doen
        • Berbice Creole Dutch: dun
        • Jersey Dutch: dûn, dûne
        • Negerhollands: doe, du, due
        • Skepi Creole Dutch: doon
        • →? Aukan: du
      • Limburgish: doon
  • Old High German: tuon, duon, duan
    • Middle High German: tuon, tūn, tōn, duon, dūn, dōn, tœn, tain, tuogen, tuomen, thoenen
      • Alemannic German: tue, due, tuä

        Swabian: dua, doa

      • Bavarian: doa

        Cimbrian: tüan, tüunan (Sette Comuni)

        Northern Bavarian:

        Viennese: tuan

      • Central Franconian: donn, don (northern Moselle Franconian, some Ripuarian dialects), dun (southern Moselle Franconian)
        • Hunsrik: dun
        • Kölsch: dunn
        • Luxembourgish: doen
      • German: tun
      • Rhine Franconian:

        Frankfurterisch:

        Pennsylvania German: duh

      • Yiddish: טאָן (ton)