Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ota

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-atā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *-otéh₂, encountered in Sanskrit दीर्घ (dīrgha, long) : दीर्घता (dīrghatā, length, longness).

    Suffix

    *-otà f

    1. Deadjectival, forming abstract nouns denoting the specified attribute; -ness
      Synonyms: *-ina, *-ostь
      *dьlgъ (long)*dьlgota (length)
      *golъ (bare, naked)*golotа (nakedness)
      *slěpъ (blind)*slěpota (blindness)
      *bělъ (white)*bělota (whiteness)
      *ostrъ (sharp)*ostrota (sharpness)
    2. Deadjectival, forming gauge nouns measuring the specified attribute; -ity, -th
      *gǫstъ (dense)*gǫstota (density)
      *čęstъ (frequent)*čęstota (frequency)
      *širokъ (wide)*širota (width)
      *teplъ (warm, hot)*teplota (heat, temperature)
    3. Deadjectival, forming agent nouns carrying the specified attribute
      *sirъ (sorrow)*sirota (orphan)
      *junъ (young)*junota (youth)
      *pěxъ (pedestrian)*pěxota (infantry)
    4. Denominal, forming activities or abstractions
      *orbъ (servant, slave)*orbota (work)
      *tъska (melancholy, sorrow, grief)*tъščь (hollow)*tъščeta (damage)
      *krasa (beauty)*krasota (beauty)
      *sormъ (shame)*sormota (embarrassment, disgrace)

    Declension

    Declension of *-ota (hard a-stem)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *-ota *-otě *-oty
    genitive *-oty *-otu *-otъ
    dative *-otě *-otama *-otamъ
    accusative *-otǫ *-otě *-oty
    instrumental *-otojǫ, *-otǫ** *-otama *-otami
    locative *-otě *-otu *-otasъ, *-otaxъ*
    vocative *-oto *-otě *-oty

    * -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
    ** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    References

    • St. Stoyanov (1983): "-отà" in Граматика на съвременния Български книжовен език, vol. II Морфология (in Bulgarian), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 63
    • Trubachyov, O., Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (2005), “*orbota”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 32 (*obžьnъ – *orzbotati), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 121