Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ota

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 This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-atā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *-otéh₂, encountered in Sanskrit दीर्घ (dīrgha, “long”) : दीर्घता (dīrghatā, “length, longness”).

Suffix

*-otà f

  1. Deadjectival, forming abstract nouns denoting the specified attribute; -ness
    Synonyms: *-ina, *-ostь
    *dьlgъ (“long”) → *dьlgota (“length”)
    *golъ (“bare, naked”) → *golotа (“nakedness”)
    *slěpъ (“blind”) → *slěpota (“blindness”)
    *bělъ (“white”) → *bělota (“whiteness”)
    *ostrъ (“sharp”) → *ostrota (“sharpness”)
  2. Deadjectival, forming gauge nouns measuring the specified attribute; -ity, -th
    *gǫstъ (“dense”) → *gǫstota (“density”)
    *čęstъ (“frequent”) → *čęstota (“frequency”)
    *širokъ (“wide”) → *širota (“width”)
    *teplъ (“warm, hot”) → *teplota (“heat, temperature”)
  3. Deadjectival, forming agent nouns carrying the specified attribute
    *sirъ (“sorrow”) → *sirota (“orphan”)
    *junъ (“young”) → *junota (“youth”)
    *pěxъ (“pedestrian”) → *pěxota (“infantry”)
  4. Denominal, forming activities or abstractions
    *orbъ (“servant, slave”) → *orbota (“work”)
    *tъska (“melancholy, sorrow, grief”) → *tъščь (“hollow”) → *tъščeta (“damage”)
    *krasa (“beauty”) → *krasota (“beauty”)
    *sormъ (“shame”) → *sormota (“embarrassment, disgrace”)

Declension

Declension of *-ota (hard a-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative *-ota *-otě *-oty
genitive *-oty *-otu *-otъ
dative *-otě *-otama *-otamъ
accusative *-otǫ *-otě *-oty
instrumental *-otojǫ, *-otǫ** *-otama *-otami
locative *-otě *-otu *-otasъ, *-otaxъ*
vocative *-oto *-otě *-oty
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ota

Descendants

References

  • St. Stoyanov (1983): "-отà" in Граматика на съвременния Български книжовен език, vol. II Морфология (in Bulgarian), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 63
  • Trubachyov, O., Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (2005), “*orbota”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 32 (*obžьnъ – *orzbotati), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 121
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