Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/turma
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
Potentially from *tur- (“1. to stand 2. to stop”) + *-me, compare with the semantics of Turkish bitki from Turkish bitmek.
Noun
*turma
Declension
Declension of *turma
| Singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| Nominative | *turma |
| Accusative | *turmag, *turmanï1) |
| Genitive | *turmanuŋ |
| Dative | *turmaka |
| Locative | *turmada |
| Ablative | *turmadan |
| Allative | *turmagaru |
| Instrumental 2) | *turman |
| Equative 2) | *turmača |
| Similative 2) | *turmalayu |
| Comitative 2) | *turmalugu |
1) Originally only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
Related terms
Descendants
- Oghuz:
- Salar: turma (“turnip”)
See also
| Foods - *yẹ̄miĺčler, *yẹ̄miĺčsāyïn | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |
barley: *arpa |
,_A_pea_is_a_most_commonly_green.JPG) |
beans, peas: *burčak |
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farro, wheat: *bugday |
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jujube: *yidge |
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strawberry: *yidgelek |
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apple: *almïla |
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hazelnut: *bōńurï |
 |
walnut: *yaŋgak |
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honey: *bạl |
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millet: *tạrïg |
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onion: *sōgun |
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salt: *tūŕ |
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egg: *yumurtka |
 |
butter: *yāg |
 |
mushroom: *kömbe |
 |
radish: *turp, *turma |
 |
carrot: *turma | ||
References
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2019-01-19) “turp”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “turma”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 549
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*turup / *turum”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill