Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/bal
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Etymology
Possibly from Proto-Iranian *mádu (“honey, wine”).
Original meaning must have been some sort of viscous liquid, see potential cognates *balčïk (“mud”) and *bālïk (“fish”) for more.
Doublet of Old Uyghur 𐽹𐽶𐽾 (mir).
Noun
*bal
Declension
| singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| nominative | *bal |
| accusative | *balïg, *balnï1) |
| genitive | *balnïŋ |
| dative | *balka |
| locative | *balta |
| ablative | *baltan |
| allative | *balgaru |
| instrumental 2) | *balïn |
| equative 2) | *balča |
| similative 2) | *ballayu |
| comitative 2) | *ballïgu |
1) Originally used only in pronominal declension.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.
Descendants
- Oghuz:
- Karluk:
- Kipchak:
- Siberian:
See also
| Foods - *yẹ̄miĺčler, *yẹ̄miĺčsāyïn | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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barley: *arpa |
,_A_pea_is_a_most_commonly_green.JPG) |
beans, peas: *burčak |
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farro, wheat: *bugday |
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jujube: *yidge |
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berry: *yidgelek |
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strawberry: *čige, *čigelek |
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apple: *almïla |
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walnut: *yaŋgak |
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honey: *bal |
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millet: *tarïg |
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onion: *sōgun |
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salt: *tūŕ |
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egg: *yumurtka |
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butter: *yāg |
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mushroom: *kömbe |
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radish: *turp, *turma |
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carrot: *turma |
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hazelnut: *bōńurï |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Clauson, Gerard (1972) “ba:l, mır”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 330, 771
- ^ Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 59
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Witzel, Michael (2003) Linguistic Evidence for Cultural Exchange in Prehistoric Western Central Asia (Sino-Platonic Papers; 129), Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations, page 13
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*bạl”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill