νυστάζω

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Ancient Greek

Etymology

Probably an enlargement in -τάζω of a Proto-Indo-European *snewd- (“to slumber, doze”); for the formation, compare κλαστάζω (klastázō) and βαστάζω (bastázō, “to lift up”). Cognates, all found in Baltic, include Lithuanian snústi (“to slumber away”), snudà (“sleeper, dreamer”), snáusti (“to slumber”) (with a different ablaut-grade), and forms with an l-suffix including Lithuanian snaudãlius (“sleepy man”) and Latvian snaudale (“sleepy-head”). If this is correct, the old connection with νεύω (neúō, “to nod”) should be abandoned.[1]

Pronunciation

 

Verb

νυστάζω • (nustázō)

  1. to be half asleep, doze, drowse
  2. to hang the head

Inflection

  • Mainly in the present
   Present: νυστᾰ́ζω
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative νυστᾰ́ζω νυστᾰ́ζεις νυστᾰ́ζει νυστᾰ́ζετον νυστᾰ́ζετον νυστᾰ́ζομεν νυστᾰ́ζετε νυστᾰ́ζουσῐ(ν)
subjunctive νυστᾰ́ζω νυστᾰ́ζῃς νυστᾰ́ζῃ νυστᾰ́ζητον νυστᾰ́ζητον νυστᾰ́ζωμεν νυστᾰ́ζητε νυστᾰ́ζωσῐ(ν)
optative νυστᾰ́ζοιμῐ νυστᾰ́ζοις νυστᾰ́ζοι νυστᾰ́ζοιτον νυστᾰζοίτην νυστᾰ́ζοιμεν νυστᾰ́ζοιτε νυστᾰ́ζοιεν
imperative   νύστᾰζε νυστᾰζέτω νυστᾰ́ζετον νυστᾰζέτων   νυστᾰ́ζετε νυστᾰζόντων
active
infinitive νυστᾰ́ζειν
participle m νυστᾰ́ζων
f νυστᾰ́ζουσᾰ
n νυστᾰ́ζον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ἐνύστᾰζον
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐνύστᾰζον ἐνύστᾰζες ἐνύστᾰζε(ν) ἐνυστᾰ́ζετον ἐνυστᾰζέτην ἐνυστᾰ́ζομεν ἐνυστᾰ́ζετε ἐνύστᾰζον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: νυστᾰ́ξω
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative νυστᾰ́ξω νυστᾰ́ξεις νυστᾰ́ξει νυστᾰ́ξετον νυστᾰ́ξετον νυστᾰ́ξομεν νυστᾰ́ξετε νυστᾰ́ξουσῐ(ν)
optative νυστᾰ́ξοιμῐ νυστᾰ́ξοις νυστᾰ́ξοι νυστᾰ́ξοιτον νυστᾰξοίτην νυστᾰ́ξοιμεν νυστᾰ́ξοιτε νυστᾰ́ξοιεν
active
infinitive νυστᾰ́ξειν
participle m νυστᾰ́ξων
f νυστᾰ́ξουσᾰ
n νυστᾰ́ξον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἐνύστᾰξᾰ
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐνύστᾰξᾰ ἐνύστᾰξᾰς ἐνύστᾰξε(ν) ἐνυστᾰ́ξᾰτον ἐνυστᾰξᾰ́την ἐνυστᾰ́ξᾰμεν ἐνυστᾰ́ξᾰτε ἐνύστᾰξᾰν
subjunctive νυστᾰ́ξω νυστᾰ́ξῃς νυστᾰ́ξῃ νυστᾰ́ξητον νυστᾰ́ξητον νυστᾰ́ξωμεν νυστᾰ́ξητε νυστᾰ́ξωσῐ(ν)
optative νυστᾰ́ξαιμῐ νυστᾰ́ξειᾰς,
νυστᾰ́ξαις 		νυστᾰ́ξειε(ν),
νυστᾰ́ξαι 		νυστᾰ́ξαιτον νυστᾰξαίτην νυστᾰ́ξαιμεν νυστᾰ́ξαιτε νυστᾰ́ξειᾰν,
νυστᾰ́ξαιεν
imperative   νύστᾰξον νυστᾰξᾰ́τω νυστᾰ́ξᾰτον νυστᾰξᾰ́των   νυστᾰ́ξᾰτε νυστᾰξᾰ́ντων
active
infinitive νυστᾰ́ξαι
participle m νυστᾰ́ξᾱς
f νυστᾰ́ξᾱσᾰ
n νυστᾰ́ξᾰν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἐνύστᾰσᾰ
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐνύστᾰσᾰ ἐνύστᾰσᾰς ἐνύστᾰσε(ν) ἐνυστᾰ́σᾰτον ἐνυστᾰσᾰ́την ἐνυστᾰ́σᾰμεν ἐνυστᾰ́σᾰτε ἐνύστᾰσᾰν
subjunctive νυστᾰ́σω νυστᾰ́σῃς νυστᾰ́σῃ νυστᾰ́σητον νυστᾰ́σητον νυστᾰ́σωμεν νυστᾰ́σητε νυστᾰ́σωσῐ(ν)
optative νυστᾰ́σαιμῐ νυστᾰ́σειᾰς,
νυστᾰ́σαις 		νυστᾰ́σειε(ν),
νυστᾰ́σαι 		νυστᾰ́σαιτον νυστᾰσαίτην νυστᾰ́σαιμεν νυστᾰ́σαιτε νυστᾰ́σειᾰν,
νυστᾰ́σαιεν
imperative   νύστᾰσον νυστᾰσᾰ́τω νυστᾰ́σᾰτον νυστᾰσᾰ́των   νυστᾰ́σᾰτε νυστᾰσᾰ́ντων
active
infinitive νυστᾰ́σαι
participle m νυστᾰ́σᾱς
f νυστᾰ́σᾱσᾰ
n νυστᾰ́σᾰν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Greek: νυστάζω (nystázo)

References

  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “νυστάζω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1028-9

Further reading

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek νυστάζω (nustázō).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /niˈsta.zo/
  • Hyphenation: νυ‧στά‧ζω

Verb

νυστάζω • (nystázo) (past νύσταξα, passive —)

  1. (intransitive) to be sleepy, feel tired
    Το μωρό νυστάζει.
    To moró nystázei.
    The baby is tired.
  2. (transitive) to send to sleep

Conjugation

νυστάζω   (active forms only plus passive perfect participle)
Active voice ➤
Indicative mood ➤ Imperfective aspect ➤ Perfective aspect ➤
Non-past tenses ➤ Present ➤ Dependent ➤
1 sg νυστάζω νυστάξω
2 sg νυστάζεις νυστάξεις
3 sg νυστάζει νυστάξει
1 pl νυστάζουμε, [‑ομε] νυστάξουμε, [‑ομε]
2 pl νυστάζετε νυστάξετε
3 pl νυστάζουν(ε) νυστάξουν(ε)
Past tenses ➤ Imperfect ➤ Simple past ➤
1 sg νύσταζα νύσταξα
2 sg νύσταζες νύσταξες
3 sg νύσταζε νύσταξε
1 pl νυστάζαμε νυστάξαμε
2 pl νυστάζατε νυστάξατε
3 pl νύσταζαν, νυστάζαν(ε) νύσταξαν, νυστάξαν(ε)
Future tenses ➤ Continuous ➤ Simple ➤
1 sg θα νυστάζω ➤ θα νυστάξω ➤
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl θα νυστάζεις, … θα νυστάξεις, …
Perfect aspect ➤
Present perfect ➤   έχω, έχεις, … νυστάξει    είμαι, είσαι, … νυσταγμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ (also passive voice)
Past perfect ➤   είχα, είχες, … νυστάξει    ήμουν, ήσουν, … νυσταγμένος, ‑η, ‑ο
Future perfect ➤   θα έχω, θα έχεις, … νυστάξει    θα είμαι, θα είσαι, … νυσταγμένος, ‑η, ‑ο
Subjunctive mood ➤ Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας).
Imperative mood ➤ Imperfective aspect Perfective aspect
2 sg νύσταζε νύσταξε
2 pl νυστάζετε νύσταξε, νυστάχτε1
Other forms
Active present participle ➤   νυστάζοντας ➤
Active perfect participle ➤   έχοντας νυστάξει ➤
Passive perfect participle ➤ νυσταγμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤
Nonfinite form ➤   νυστάξει
Notes  
 
Appendix:Greek verbs 		 1. Colloquial.
 • (…) optional or informal.   rare.   {…} learned, archaic.
 • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency.
 • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive.

Antonyms

See also

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia