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Baluchi
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćmā , from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱmō . Akin to Persian آسمان ( âsmân ) , Sanskrit अश्मन् ( áśman ) .
Noun
آسمان • (ásmán )
sky
Chagatai
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian آسْمَان ( āsmān ) .
Noun
آسمان (āsmān )
sky , heavens , firmament
Synonyms: کوک ( kök ) , فلک ( fäläk ) , سما ( sämā )
کوک آسمان ― kök āsmān ― blue sky
Descendants
Further reading
御製五體清文鑑 / han-i araha sunja hacin hergen kamciha manju gisun-i buleku bithe (overall work in Manchu, Classical Tibetan, Classical Mongolian, Chagatai, and Mandarin), Beijing, 1794 , page 1
Schluessel, Eric (2018 ) “آسمان ”, in An Introduction to Chaghatay: A Graded Textbook for Reading Central Asian Sources , Michigan Publishing, page 108
Kalami
Etymology
Probably from Classical Persian آسْمَان ( āsmān ) .
Noun
آسمان (āsmān ) m
sky
Khalaj
Noun
آسمان (âsmân, âsimân ) (definite accusative آسِمانؽ or آسمانئ , plural آسِمانلار or آسمانلار )
Arabic spelling of âsmân , âsimân ( “ sky ” )
Declension
Khowar
Etymology
Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎶 ( a-s-m-a-n-m ) Khowar آسمان
Borrowed from Urdu آسْمَان ( āsmān ) .
Noun
آسمان (asmán )
sky
References
Elena Bashir, Maula Nigah, Rahmat Karim Baig (2022 ) “آسمان ”, in A digital Khowar-English dictionary with audio , second edition, Chicago, I.L.: South Asia Language and Area Center, University of Chicago , archived from the original on 19 January 2023 .
Old Anatolian Turkish
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian آسْمَان ( āsmān ) .
Noun
آسمان • (āsmān, āsümān, āsimān )
sky , heavens , firmament
Synonyms: كوك ( gök ) , سما ( sema ) , فلك ( felek )
Descendants
Ottoman Turkish
Etymology
Inherited from Old Anatolian Turkish آسمان , from Classical Persian آسْمَان ( āsmān )
Noun
آسمان • (asman )
sky , heavens , firmament
Synonyms: كوك ( gök ) , سما ( sema ) , فلك ( felek )
Derived terms
Descendants
Further reading
Redhouse, James W. (1890 ) “آسمان ”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon , Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 114
Ayverdi, İlhan (2010 ) “asman ”, in Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük , a reviewed and expanded single-volume edition, Istanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı
Nişanyan, Sevan (2002– ) “asuman ”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
Pahari-Potwari
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian آسْمَان ( āsmān ) .
Noun
آسْمَان (āsmān ) m
sky
Declension
Persian
آسمون ( âsemun ) ( colloquial Tehrani )
Etymology
Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎶 ( a-s-m-a-n-m ) Persian آسمان
Inherited from Middle Persian 𐭠𐭮𐭬𐭠𐭭 ( ʾsmʾn /āsmān/ ) , from Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎶 ( asmānam ) , from Proto-Iranian *Hácmā , from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Háćmā , from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱmō . Cognate with Sanskrit अश्मन् ( áśman ) .
Pronunciation
Readings
Classical reading?
ās(i)mān
Dari reading?
ās(i)mān
Iranian reading?
âs(e)mân
Tajik reading?
os(i)mon
Noun
Dari
آسمان
Iranian Persian
Tajik
осмон
آسمان • (âsmân or âsemân ) (plural آسمانها ( âsmân-hâ, âsemân-hâ ) )
sky
آسمان ابری ― -âsmân -e abri ― cloudy sky
آسمان آبی ― -âsmân -e âbi ― blue sky
1732—1733 , Lāla Amānat Rāy, “جلوه ذات ”, in Stefano Pellò, transl., Black Curls in a Mirror: The Eighteenth-Century Persian Kṛṣṇa of Lāla Amānat Rāy’s Jilwa-yi ẕāt and the Tongue of Bīdil , International Journal of Hindu Studies (2018) 22:به سطح آسمان انبوه اختر نمایان در طبق چون مشت گوهر be sath-e âsmân anbuh-e axtar nomâyân dar tabq čon mošt-e gowhar On the surface of the sky , a myriad of stars were showing themselves on a plate like a handful of pearls.
( literary ) heaven
Synonym: بهشت ( behešt )
Derived terms
Descendants
→ Bengali: আসমান ( āsman )
→ Chagatai: آسمان
→ Dungan: асмон ( asmon ) ( perhaps via Chagatai )
→ Gujarati: આસમાન ( āsamān )
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: आसमान ( āsmān )
Urdu: آسمان ( āsmān )
→ Kalami: آسمان ( āsmān )
→ Kazakh: аспан ( aspan ) ( perhaps via Chagatai )
→ Kermanic: آسمون ( ā̊semūn, āsɛmūn )
→ Khalaj: âsmân
→ Kyrgyz: асман ( asman ) ( perhaps via Chagatai )
→ Marathi: अस्मान ( asmān )
→ Nepali: अस्मान ( asmān )
→ Old Anatolian Turkish: آسمان
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਅਸਮਾਨ ( asamān )
Shahmukhi script: آسمان ( āsmān )
→ Marwari: असमाण ( asmāṇ )
→ Sindhi: آسمان ( āsmān )
→ Sivandi: āsemān
→ Turkmen: asman
→ Yagnobi: осмон ( osmon )
Punjabi
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian آسْمَان ( āsmān ) .
Noun
آسمان • (āsmān ) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਆਸਮਾਨ )
sky
Synonyms
Sindhi
Etymology
Borrowed from Classical Persian آسْمَان ( āsmān ) .
Pronunciation
Noun
آسمانُ • (āsmānu ) m (Devanagari आस्मानु )
sky
Synonyms: آڪاس ( ākāsu ) , اُڀُ ( ubhu ) , گَگَنُ ( gaganu )
heaven
Derived terms
آسمانيِ ( āsmānī , “ heavenly, azure ” )
Urdu
The seven celestial realms of Islamic Heaven (Jannat ) with the seventh and highest being Firdos .
Etymology
Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎶 ( a-s-m-a-n-m ) Urdu آسْمَان ( āsmān )
Borrowed from Classical Persian آسْمَان ( āsmān ) . First attested in c. 1421 as Middle Hindi آسمان ( āsman /āsmān/ ) .
Pronunciation
Noun
آسْمَان • (āsmān ) m (Hindi spelling आसमान )
sky
Synonyms: فَلَک ( falak ) , آکاش ( ākāś )
heaven , skies
Synonyms: بَہِشْت ( bahiśt ) , جَنَّت ( jannat ) , فِرْدَوس ( firdaus ) , سْوَرْگ ( svarg )
( Islamic cosmology ) celestial sphere , firmament ; one of the seven heavens
Declension
Declension of آسمان
singular
plural
direct
آسْمان ( āsmān )
آسْمان ( āsmān )
oblique
آسْمان ( āsmān )
آسْمانوں ( āsmānõ )
vocative
آسْمان ( āsmān )
آسْمانو ( āsmāno )
Derived terms
References
^ “آسمان ”, in اُردُو لُغَت ( urdū luġat ) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017 .
Further reading
“آسمان ”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت ( rexta luġat ) - Rekhta Dictionary , Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025 .
Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024 ) “آسمان ”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia
Ushojo
Etymology
Old Persian 𐎠𐎿𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎶 ( a-s-m-a-n-m ) Ushojo آسمان
Borrowed from Urdu آسْمَان ( āsmān ) .
Noun
آسمان (āsmān )
sky