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แล้ว. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
แล้ว, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
แล้ว in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
แล้ว you have here. The definition of the word
แล้ว will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
แล้ว, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Thai
Etymology
From Proto-Tai *leːwꟲ (“to be finished”), from Middle Chinese 了 (MC lewX). Cognate with Lao ແລ້ວ (lǣu); Lü ᧟ (l̇aew), Northern Thai ᩓ᩠ᩅ. Compare also Iu Mien liuz (“to finish, to end; then; after”).
Pronunciation
Verb
แล้ว • (lɛ́ɛo)
- to end; to come to an end.
- to complete; to finish.
Adjective
แล้ว • (lɛ́ɛo)
- (archaic) complete (with); full (of).
Adverb
แล้ว • (lɛ́ɛo)
- Used at the end of a sentence to indicate completion of an action, or beginning of a new situation.
- Indicating an action completion.
- เด็ก ๆ กินข้าวแล้ว ― dèk dèk gin-kâao lɛ́ɛo ― The children have already eaten.
- Indicating that a new state or a new situation has begun.
- เธอเป็นผู้ใหญ่แล้วนะ ― təə bpen pûu-yài lɛ́ɛo ná ― You are an adult now.
- (Especially with จะ) Indicating that a new situation is about to begin.
- กลับบ้านแล้วนะ ― glàp bâan lɛ́ɛo ná ― about to go home now.
- นักเรียนสอบจะเสร็จแล้วนะ ― nák-riian sɔ̀ɔp jà sèt lɛ́ɛo ná ― The students are about to finish the test now.
- then; next; and.
- เขาอ่านข้อความแล้วหัวเราะ ― kǎo àan kɔ̂ɔ-kwaam lɛ́ɛo hǔua-rɔ́ ― He read the message, then laughed.
Usage notes
- To turn a sentence with แล้ว into a question, add หรือยัง after แล้ว. In colloquial register, แล้ว and หรือ can be omitted.
- กินข้าวแล้วหรือยัง ― gin-kâao lɛ́ɛo rʉ̌ʉ-yang ― Have eaten yet?
- กินข้าวแล้วยัง ― gin-kâao lɛ́ɛo yang ― Have eaten yet?
- กินข้าวยัง ― gin-kâao yang ― Have eaten yet?
- More colloquially, ละ can be used in place of แล้ว.
- กินข้าวละยัง ― gin-kâao lá yang ― Have eaten yet?
Further reading
- Jenny, Mathias (2001) “The aspect system of Thai”, in Ebert, Karen H., Zúñiga, Fernando, editors, Aktionsart and aspectotemporality in non-European languages, Zürich: ASAS-Verlag, pages 97-140