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孤獨. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
孤獨, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
孤獨 in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
孤獨 you have here. The definition of the word
孤獨 will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
孤獨, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Chinese
|
|
lone; lonely
|
alone; independent; single alone; independent; single; sole; only |
| trad. (孤獨)
|
孤
|
獨
|
| simp. (孤独)
|
孤
|
独
|
| anagram
|
獨孤／独孤
|
Pronunciation 1
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
孤
|
獨
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
1/1
|
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
|
gū
|
dú
|
Middle
Chinese
|
‹ ku ›
|
‹ duwk ›
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*kʷˁa/
|
/*ˁok/
|
| English
|
orphan
|
alone; only
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
孤
|
獨
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
1/1
|
| No.
|
4347
|
11818
|
Phonetic
component
|
瓜
|
蜀
|
Rime
group
|
魚
|
屋
|
Rime
subdivision
|
0
|
0
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
孤
|
獨
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*kʷaː/
|
/*doːɡ/
|
Adjective
孤獨
- lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
- 孤獨終老／孤独终老 ― gūdú zhōnglǎo ― to die alone; to die a lonely death
心底的孤獨和嘆息 [MSC, trad.]
心底的孤独和叹息 [MSC, simp.]- xīndǐ de gūdú hé tànxī
- endless sighs from lonely souls
- isolated and helpless
Synonyms
- 俗 (Hokkien)
- 孤單／孤单 (gūdān)
- 孤孑 (gūjié) (literary)
- 孤寂 (gūjì)
- 寂寞 (jìmò)
- 寂寥 (jìliáo)
- 挑另 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 索寞 (suǒmò) (literary or Eastern Min)
- 落寞 (luòmò)
Noun
孤獨
- (Classical) people living in isolation without support (literally, orphans and childless old people)
Derived terms
Descendants
Pronunciation 2
Adjective
孤獨
- (Southern Min) unsociable
Japanese
| For pronunciation and definitions of 孤獨 – see the following entry.
|
|
|
| (This term, 孤獨, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)
|
Korean
Noun
孤獨 • (godok) (hangeul 고독)
- hanja form? of 고독 (“loneliness”)
- hanja form? of 고독 (“A childless old person.”)