пола

Bulgarian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *pola (“skirt, fringe”). Either a semantic variation of Etymology 2 via the specialization “half of suit/dress” → skirt or derived from Proto-Slavic *polti (“to twine, to wind, to lace”). Compare Bulgarian поли́ pl (polí, “fells, mountain slopes”), Russian пол (pol, “floor, expanse”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• (dialectally) IPA^(key):

Noun

пола́ • (polá) f (diminutive поли́чка)

1. skirt

   Synonym: фу́ста (fústa)

2. (colloquial) lower fringe, hem of garment (e.g. shirt, gawn, coat) or rug

   Synonym: до́лница (dólnica)

Declension

Derived terms

• по́лка (pólka), по́лница (pólnica, “hem of shirt or blouse”)
• възпо́лка (vǎzpólka), озпо́лка (ozpólka), попо́лка (popólka, “embroidered pattern on skirt or dress”) (dialectal)

References

• “пола¹”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “пола”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пола”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 491
• Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1901) “пола́”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎ (in Bulgarian), volume 4, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 145

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *pola (“half”), an abstract form of *polъ (“side, half”). May be etymologically identical with Etymology 1.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

пола́ • (polá) f

1. (dialectal) half (any part of bipartition), half (member of a pair)

   Synonym: полови́на (polovína)

2. (dated) grammatical gender

   Synonym: род (rod)

3. (by extension) wing of a double-door
4. (agriculture, obsolete) division of agricultural field that is plowed in the same direction

   Synonym: и́вица (ívica)

Declension

Related terms

• пол (pol, “gender”)
• полови́на (polovína, “half”) (quantity)
• поли́ца (políca, “shelf”)

References

• “пола²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• пола in Исторически речник на Българския език, Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky"

Anagrams

• опал (opal)

Russian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pola. Compare Polish poła.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

пола́ • (polá) f inan (genitive полы́, nominative plural по́лы, genitive plural пол)

1. skirt, tail, flap, lap (of clothes)

   и́з-под полы́ ― íz-pod polý ― under the counter, on the black market

   • Лев Толстой, Хозяин и работник 1895:

     Ники́та то́же встал, положи́л наза́д в са́харницу свой обку́санный со всех сторо́н кусо́чек са́хару, обтёр поло́ю мо́крое от по́та лицо́ и пошёл надева́ть хала́т

     Nikíta tóže vstal, položíl nazád v sáxarnicu svoj obkúsannyj so vsex storón kusóček sáxaru, obtjór polóju mókroje ot póta licó i pošól nadevátʹ xalát

     Nikita stood up too, gathered back into the sugarbowl all the sugarcrumbs he had sprinkled around while eating, wiped his sweaty face with a flap of his clothing and went to put on a gown.

Declension

Related terms

• долгопо́лый (dolgopólyj)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Adjective

по́ла • (póla)

1. short feminine singular of по́лый (pólyj, “hollow; naked; spilling over after ice breakup”)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

по́ла • (póla) m inan

1. genitive singular of пол (pol, “floor; sex, gender”)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pǒːla/
• Hyphenation: по‧ла

Noun

по́ла f (Latin spelling póla)

1. half

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pôla/
• Hyphenation: по‧ла

Adverb

по̏ла (Latin spelling pȍla)

1. half

   пола сата — half an hour

   пола три — 2:30

   на пола пута — at the half-way point

   у пола ноћи — at midnight