在位

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Chinese

(located) at; in; exist
(located) at; in; exist; (before verbs) immediately involved in; right in the middle of doing
 
position; location; (measure word for persons)
position; location; (measure word for persons); place; seat
 
simp. and trad.
(在位) 		在 位

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 在 在 位
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 從 (15) 從 (15) 云 (35)
Final (韻) 咍 (41) 咍 (41) 脂 (18)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open Closed
Division (等) I I III
Fanqie 昨宰切 昨代切 于愧切
Baxter dzojX dzojH hwijH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡zʌiX/ /d͡zʌiH/ /ɦˠiuɪH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡zəiX/ /d͡zəiH/ /ɦʷᵚiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡zɒiX/ /d͡zɒiH/ /ɣiuɪH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡zəjX/ /d͡zəjH/ /ɦjwiH/
Li
Rong 		/d͡zᴀiX/ /d͡zᴀiH/ /ɣjuiH/
Wang
Li 		/d͡zɒiX/ /d͡zɒiH/ /ɣwiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/d͡zʱɑ̆iX/ /d͡zʱɑ̆iH/ /wiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zài zài wèi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zoi6 zoi6 wai6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 在 位
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zài wèi
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzojX › ‹ hwijH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ˁəʔ/ /*ʷrəp-s/ (< *ɢʷəʔ-rəp-s ?)
English be at, be present standing, position

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 在 在 位
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1
No. 1064 1065 7865
Phonetic
component 		才 才 立
Rime
group 		之 之 內
Rime
subdivision 		0 0 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		在 載 位
Old
Chinese 		/*zlɯːʔ/ /*zlɯːs/ /*ɢʷrɯbs/

Verb

在位

  1. to reign; to hold the throne
  2. to hold a certain position

Synonyms

  • (reign): (archaic) 立朝 (lìcháo)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (在位):
  • → Japanese: 在(ざい)位(い) (zaī)
  • → Korean: 재위(在位) (jaewi)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
在 位
ざい
Grade: 5 		い
Grade: 4
on'yomi

Noun

在(ざい)位(い) • (zaii) 

  1. reign
  2. holding a certain position

Verb

在(ざい)位(い)する • (zaii suru) suru (stem 在(ざい)位(い)し (zaii shi), past 在(ざい)位(い)した (zaii shita))

  1. to reign, to hold the throne
  2. to hold a certain position

Conjugation

Conjugation of "在位する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 在位し ざいいし zaii shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 在位し ざいいし zaii shi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 在位する ざいいする zaii suru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 在位する ざいいする zaii suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 在位すれ ざいいすれ zaii sure
Meireikei ("imperative") 在位せよ¹
在位しろ² 		ざいいせよ¹
ざいいしろ² 		zaii seyo¹
zaii shiro²
Key constructions
Passive 在位される ざいいされる zaii sareru
Causative 在位させる
在位さす 		ざいいさせる
ざいいさす 		zaii saseru
zaii sasu
Potential 在位できる ざいいできる zaii dekiru
Volitional 在位しよう ざいいしよう zaii shiyō
Negative 在位しない ざいいしない zaii shinai
Negative continuative 在位せず ざいいせず zaii sezu
Formal 在位します ざいいします zaii shimasu
Perfective 在位した ざいいした zaii shita
Conjunctive 在位して ざいいして zaii shite
Hypothetical conditional 在位すれば ざいいすれば zaii sureba
¹ Written imperative

² Spoken imperative

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