代

See also: 付 and 伐

代	U+4EE3, 代 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EE3

← 仢

CJK Unified Ideographs

令 →

㈹	U+3239, ㈹ PARENTHESIZED IDEOGRAPH REPRESENT

← ㈸

Enclosed CJK Letters and Months

㈺ →

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

代 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人戈心 (OIP), four-corner 2324₀, composition ⿰亻弋)

Derived characters

𠰺, 𢂌, 𢫙, 㭖, 玳, 𠳙, 𦨮, 蚮, 鮘(𬶌), 鴏, 䒫, 𠁀, 笩, 𩂠, 垈, 岱, 帒, 柋, 牮, 𠊝, 袋, 貸 (贷), 𫔟, 黛

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 93, character 11
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 386
Dae Jaweon: page 197, character 7
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 113, character 5
Unihan data for U+4EE3

Chinese

simp. and trad.		代

Wikipedia has articles on:

代 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
代 (Cantonese)
代 (Classical)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 代

Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)

Liushutong (compiled in Ming)

Small seal script

Transcribed ancient scripts

**Small seal script**
s05796

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L36109	L36110	L36111	L36112	L36113	L20896	L20897	L20898
L20899	L20900

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (弋) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
戴	*ʔl'ɯːɡs
襶	*tɯːɡs
貸	*l̥ʰɯːɡs
代	*l'ɯːɡs
袋	*l'ɯːɡs
岱	*l'ɯːɡs
黛	*l'ɯːɡs
玳	*l'ɯːɡs
帒	*l'ɯːɡs
甙	*l'ɯːɡs
酨	l'ɯːs, zlɯːs
試	*hljɯɡs
弒	*hljɯɡs
忒	*l̥ʰɯːɡ
貣	l̥ʰɯːɡ, l'ɯːɡ
鴏	*l'ɯːɡ
栻	l̥ʰɯɡ, hljɯɡ
侙	*l̥ʰɯɡ
恜	*l̥ʰɯɡ
式	*hljɯɡ
軾	*hljɯɡ
拭	*hljɯɡ
鉽	*hljɯɡ
烒	*hljɯɡ
弋	*lɯɡ
芅	*lɯɡ
黓	*lɯɡ
隿	*lɯɡ
杙	*lɯɡ
釴	*lɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːɡs) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 弋 (OC *lɯɡ)

Etymology 1

state's name → toponym

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Is 代 (OC *lˤək-s) related to 狄 (OC *lˤek, “northern barbarians”), the Spring and Autumn state's founders?”

Most of the people with this surname in Mainland China were originally with the surname 戴 (Dài) and was a result of second-round simplification of Chinese characters.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): dài (dai⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄞˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): dai⁴

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): дэ (de, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): doi⁶

(Taishan, Wiktionary): oi⁵
Gan (Wiktionary): tai⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): thoi / thai

(Meixian, Guangdong): toi⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): dai³
Northern Min (KCR): dō
Eastern Min (BUC): dô̤i / dâi
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tē / tēr / tāi / tài

(Teochew, Peng'im): do⁷ / dai³ / toi³ / toih⁴
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶de
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): tai⁵ / tai⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: dài
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: dài
  - Wade–Giles: tai⁴
  - Yale: dài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: day
  - Palladius: дай (daj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /taɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: dai⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: dai
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tai²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: дэ (de, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɛ⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: doi⁶
  - Yale: doih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: doi⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: doi⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔːi̯²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: oi⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ᵘɔi³²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: tai⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰai¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: thoi / thai
  - Hakka Romanization System: toi / tai
  - Hagfa Pinyim: toi⁴ / tai⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰoi̯⁵⁵/, /tʰai̯⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: toi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /tʰoɪ⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: dai³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /tai⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dō
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /to⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dô̤i / dâi
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔy²⁴²/, /tɑi²⁴²/

Note:

dô̤i - vernacular;
dâi - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tē
  - Tâi-lô: tē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: de
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /te²²/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /te³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tēr
  - Tâi-lô: tēr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tə⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi
  - Tâi-lô: tāi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dai
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tai³³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tai⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tai²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tài
  - Tâi-lô: tài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: daix
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tai⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /tai²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tai¹¹/

Note:

tē/tēr - vernacular;
tāi - literary;
tài - literary (limited, e.g. 交代 (jiāodài)).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: do⁷ / dai³ / toi³ / toih⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tō / tài / thòi / thoih
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /to¹¹/, /tai²¹³/, /tʰoi²¹³/, /tʰoiʔ²/

Note:

do7 - vernacular ("generation / dynasty / period");
dai3 - literary (in 交代);
toi3 - semantic ("to act for/as").

Wu
- (Shanghai, Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁶de
  - MiniDict: de^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³de
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /de²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /de²³¹/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: tai⁵ / tai⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰai̯²¹/, /tʰai̯⁴⁵/

Note:

tai5 - literary;
tai4 - colloquial.

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 代
Mandarin	Beijing	/tai⁵¹/
	Harbin	/tai⁵³/
	Tianjin	/tai⁵³/
	Jinan	/tɛ²¹/
	Qingdao	/tɛ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/tai³¹²/
	Xi'an	/tai⁴⁴/
	Xining	/tɛ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/tɛ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/tɛ¹³/
	Ürümqi	/tai²¹³/
	Wuhan	/tai³⁵/
	Chengdu	/tai¹³/
	Guiyang	/tai²¹³/
	Kunming	/tæ²¹²/
	Nanjing	/tae⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/te̞⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/tai⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/tæ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/tɛ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/de²³/
	Suzhou	/de̞³¹/
	Hangzhou	/de̞¹³/
	Wenzhou	/de²²/
Hui	Shexian	/tʰɛ²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/tə¹¹/ /ta⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/tai⁵⁵/ /tai¹¹/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/tai⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/tʰai²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/tʰoi⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/tʰoi⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/tɔi²²/
	Nanning	/tɔi²²/
	Hong Kong	/tɔi²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/tai²²/ /te²²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/tɔy²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/to⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/tʰoi²¹³/ /to³¹/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/ʔdai³⁵/ /ʔdai³³/ /ʔde²³/

Middle Chinese: dojH

Rime
Character	代
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒耐切
Baxter	dojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dʌi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/dəi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/dɒi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dəj^H/
Li Rong	/dᴀi^H/
Wang Li	/dɒi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑ̆i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	doi⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤək-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*l'ɯːɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	代
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dài
Middle Chinese	‹ doj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁək-s/
English	replace
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be -t or -p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	代
Reading #	1/1
No.	14963
Phonetic component	弋
Rime group	代
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	代
Old Chinese	/*l'ɯːɡs/

Definitions

代

to replace; to take the place of
to act for; to do something on behalf of
to act as; to be the acting (president etc.)
generation; age group
historical period; era
date; age
dynasty; line of rulers
(geology) era (geochronologic unit)
(grammar) Short for 代名詞／代名词 (dàimíngcí); short for 代詞／代词 (dàicí, “pronoun”).
(historical geography) Short for 代國／代国 (Dàiguó, “state of Dai”).
a surname

Synonyms

(generation): 世 (shì)

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (代):

→ Japanese: 代(だい) (dai)
→ Korean: 대(代) (dae)
→ Vietnamese: đại (代)

Others:

→ Vietnamese: đời (𠁀)

Etymology 2

From 事 (OC *zrɯs).

Pronunciation

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tāi

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tāi
  - Tâi-lô: tāi
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dai
  - IPA (Xiamen): /tai²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tai⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /tai²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /tai³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /tai³³/

Definitions

代

(Southern Min) affair; matter

Compounds

代誌／代志 (tāi-chì) (Min Nan)
可憐代／可怜代 (khó-lîn-tāi) (Min Nan)

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 代 – see 戴 (“to wear something on the head; to carry on the head; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 戴).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

References

“代”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

代

Wikipedia ^ja

Kanji

代

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: だい (dai, Jōyō)
Kan-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
Kun: かわる (kawaru, 代わる, Jōyō); かわる (kawaru, 代る); かわり (kawari, 代り); かわり (kawari, 代わり); かえる (kaeru, 代える, Jōyō); よ (yo, 代, Jōyō); しろ (shiro, 代, Jōyō)
Nanori: す (su)

Compounds

Derived terms

代(か)わる, 代(かわ)る (kawaru, “succeed, relieve”)
代(か)わり, 代(かわ)り (kawari, “substitute, replacement”)
代(が)わり, 代(がわ)り (-gawari, “substitute for”)
代(か)える (kaeru, “replace, exchange”)
代(か)え (kae, “change, alteration”)
代(だい)代(だい), 代(だい)々(だい) (daidai), 代(よ)代(よ), 代(よ)々(よ) (yoyo, “for generations”)
代(だい)案(あん) (daian, “alternate plan”)
代(だい)位(い) (daī, “subrogation, substitution”)
代(だい)印(いん) (daīn, “signing by proxy”)
代(だい)員(いん) (daīn, “proxy”)
代(だい)演(えん) (daien, “substitute for another”)
代(だい)価(か) (daika, “price, cost”)
代(だい)官(かん) (daikan, “Edo-period prefectural governor”)
代(だい)艦(かん) (daikan, “replacement warship”)
代(だい)願(がん) (daigan, “praying by proxy”)
代(だい)議(ぎ) (daigi, “representing others in a conference”)
代(だい)休(きゅう) (daikyū, “compensatory holiday”)
代(だい)金(きん) (daikin, “price, payment”)
代(だい)言(げん) (daigen, “advocacy”)
代(だい)行(こう) (daikō, “acting as agent”)
代(だい)講(こう) (daikō, “substitute lecturing”)
代(だい)作(さく) (daisaku, “ghost-writing”)
代(だい)参(さん) (daisan, “visiting a temple for another”)
代(だい)謝(しゃ) (daisha, “renewal, regeneration”)
代(だい)車(しゃ) (daisha, “loaner vehicle”)
代(だい)署(しょ) (daisho, “sign for another”)
代(だい)書(しょ) (daisho, “amanuensis, scribe”)
代(だい)償(しょう) (daishō, “compensation, indemnification”)
代(だい)将(しょう) (daishō, “brigadier general”)
代(だい)親(しん) (daishin, “godparent”)
代(だい)診(しん) (daishin, “doctor's assistance”)
代(だい)数(すう) (daisū, “algebra”)
代(だい)僧(そう) (daisō, “substitute priest”)
代(だい)走(そう) (daisō, “substitute runner”)
代(だい)打(だ) (daida, “pinch-hitting”)
代(だい)替(たい) (daitai), 代(だい)替(がえ) (daigae, “substitution, alternation”)
代(だい)地(ち) (daichi, “substitute land”)
代(だい)置(ち) (daichi, “replace”)
代(だい)読(どく) (daidoku, “reading for another”)
代(だい)入(にゅう) (dainyū, “substitution, assignment”)
代(だい)人(にん) (dainin, “substitute, deputy”)
代(だい)任(にん) (dainin, “agency, acting official”)
代(だい)納(のう) (dainō, “payment for another”)
代(だい)筆(ひつ) (daihitsu, “amanuensis”)
代(だい)表(ひょう) (daihyō, “representative, representation”)
代(だい)品(ひん) (daihin, “substitute article”)
代(だい)父(ふ) (daifu, “godfather”)
代(だい)物(ぶつ) (daibutsu, “substitute”)
代(だい)返(へん) (daihen, “answer a roll call for another”)
代(だい)弁(べん) (daiben, “pay by proxy”)
代(だい)母(ぼ) (daibo, “godmother”)
代(だい)務(む) (daimu, “vicarious management”)
代(だい)役(やく) (daiyaku, “substitute, substitution”)
代(だい)用(よう) (daiyō, “substitution”)
代(だい)理(り) (dairi, “representation, agency”)
代(たい)赭(しゃ) (taisha, “red ocher”)
代(しろ)物(もの) (shiromono, “thing, article”)
代(しろ)掻(か)き, 代(しろか)き (shirokaki, “preparing a rice field for planting”)
代(だい)引(び)き (daibiki, “cash on delivery”)
代(だい)待(ま)ち (daimachi, “waiting in place of someone else”)
代(だい)替(が)え (daigae, “substitution, alternation”)
代(だい)稽(げい)古(こ) (daigeiko, “substitute teaching”)
代(だい)執(しっ)行(こう) (daishikkō, “carrying out by proxy”)
代(だい)神楽(かぐら) (daikagura, “grand kagura performance”)
代(だい)諾(だく)者(しゃ) (daidakusha, “legal representative”)
代(だい)当(とう)主(しゅ) (daitōshu, “nth-generation head of a family”)
代(だい)動(どう)詞(し) (daidōshi, “pro-verb”)
代(だい)燃(ねん)車(しゃ) (dainensha, “car running on substitute fuel”)
代(だい)名(めい)詞(し) (daimeishi, “pronoun”)
代(だい)理(り)人(にん) (dairinin, “representative, deputy”)
代(だい)議(ぎ)士(し) (daigishi, “member of the Diet”)
代(だい)替(たい)エネルギー (daitai enerugī, “alternative energy”)
代(だい)名(めい)動(どう)詞(し) (daimei-dōshi, “pronominal verb”)
代(だい)が変(か)わる (dai ga kawaru, “change hands”)
揚(あげ)代(だい), 揚(あ)げ代(だい) (agedai, “fee paid for a geisha”)
足(あし)代(だい) (ashidai, “traveling expenses”)
阿(あ)代(しろ) (ashiro, “Ophidion asiro”)
網(あ)代(じろ) (ajiro, “wickerwork”)
網(あみ)代(しろ) (amishiro, “dividing up a fishing catch”)
幾(いく)代(よ) (ikuyo, “generations, ages”)
一(いち)代(だい) (ichidai, “generation, lifetime”)
永(えい)代(たい) (eitai, “permanence, eternity”)
往(おう)代(だい) (ōdai, “ancient times”)
形(かた)代(しろ) (katashiro, “representation of a sacred object”)
壁(かべ)代(しろ) (kabeshiro, “separating curtain”)
神(かみ)代(よ) (kamiyo), 神(じん)代(だい) (jindai, “ancient time”)
関(かん)代(だい) (kandai, “relative pronoun”)
希(き)代(だい), 稀(き)代(だい) (kidai), 希(き)代(たい), 稀(き)代(たい) (kitai, “rarity, uncommonness”)
近(きん)代(だい) (kindai, “present day”)
玉(ぎょく)代(だい) (gyokudai, “time charge for a geisha”)
薬(くすり)代(だい) (kusuridai, “charge for medicine”)
車(くるま)代(だい) (kurumadai, “carfare, cartage fee”)
現(げん)代(だい) (gendai, “nowadays, modern era”)
更(こう)代(たい) (kōtai, “exchange”)
後(こう)代(だい) (kōdai, “posterity”)
古(こ)代(だい) (kodai, “ancient times”)
五(ご)代(だい) (Godai, “Five Dynasties”)
歳(さい)代(だい) (-saidai, “decade”)
酒(さく)代(だい) (sakudai, “alcohol expenses”)
月(さく)代(やき) (sakuyaki), 月(つま)代(しろ) (tsumashiro, “shaved part of the forehead”)
三(さん)代(だい) (sandai, “three generations”)
誌(し)代(だい) (shidai, “magazine's price”)
昭(しょう)代(だい) (shōdai, “glorious reign”)
初(しょ)代(だい) (shodai, “first generation”)
身(しん)代(だい) (shindai, “fortune, property”)
次(じ)代(だい) (jidai, “the next era”)
時(じ)代(だい) (jidai, “period, epoch”)
重(じゅう)代(だい) (jūdai, “successive generations”)
上(しょう)代(だい) (shōdai), 上(うわ)代(だい) (uwadai, “ancient times”)
城(しょう)代(だい) (shōdai, “chamberlain”)
聖(せい)代(だい) (seidai, “magnificent imperial reign”)
盛(せい)代(だい) (seidai, “prosperous era”)
世(せ)代(だい) (sedai, “generation, the world”)
先(せん)代(だい) (sendai, “family predecessor”)
舌(ぜつ)代(だい) (zetsudai), 舌(した)代(だい) (shitadai, “a notice”)
前(ぜん)代(だい) (zendai, “previous generation”)
総(そう)代(だい) (sōdai, “representative”)
大(だい)代(だい) (daidai, “main telephone number”)
地(ち)代(だい) (chidai), 地(じ)代(だい) (jidai, “land rent”)
茶(ちゃ)代(だい) (chadai, “a tip”)
帳(ちょう)代(だい) (chōdai, “curtained sleeping platform”)
手(て)代(だい) (tedai, “sales clerk”)
当(とう)代(だい) (tōdai, “the present age”)
名(な)代(だい) (nadai, “well-known, fame”)
名(みょう)代(だい) (myōdai, “proxy, representative”)
苗(なわ)代(しろ) (nawashiro), 苗(なえ)代(しろ) (naeshiro, “rice nursery”)
年(ねん)代(だい) (nendai, “age, era”)
糊(のり)代(しろ) (norishiro, “overlap width”)
花(はん)代(だい) (handai, “price of flowers”)
場(ば)代(だい) (badai, “rent, cover charge”)
番(ばん)代(だい) (bandai, “taking turns”)
本(ほん)代(だい) (hondai, “money for books”)
間(ま)代(だい) (madai, “room rent”)
末(まつ)代(だい) (matsudai, “forever, in perpetuity”)
御(み)代(よ) (miyo, “imperial reign”)
明(みん)代(だい) (Mindai, “Ming dynasty”)
無(む)代(だい) (mudai, “free of charge”)
餅(もち)代(だい) (mochidai, “money to see one over the New Year”)
宿(やど)代(だい) (yadodai, “hotel charges”)
力(ちから)代(しろ) (chikarashiro, “tax paid to avoid forced labor”)
依(より)代(しろ), 依(よ)り代(しろ), 憑(より)代(しろ) (yorishiro, “object representative of a divine spirit”)
累(るい)代(だい) (ruidai, “successive generations”)
歴(れき)代(だい) (rekidai, “successive generations”)
交(こう)代(たい) (kōtai, “alternation, change”)
十(じゅう)代(だい) (jūdai, “the teens”)
千(せん)代(だい) (sendai), 千(ち)代(よ) (chiyo, “thousand years”)
万(ばん)代(だい) (bandai), 万(まん)代(だい) (mandai), 万(よろず)代(よ) (yorozuyo, “thousands of years”)
雪(ゆき)代(しろ) (yukishiro, “snow water”)
譜(ふ)代(だい) (fudai, “successive generations”)
田(た)代(しろ)芋(いも), 田(た)代(しろ)薯(いも) (tashiroimo, “taccad”)
何(なん)代(だい)目(め) (nandaime, “what ordinal number”)
親(おや)の代(だい) (oya no dai, “parents' generation”)
食(く)い代(しろ) (kuishiro, “food expenses”)
薬(くすり)の代(しろ) (kusuri no shiro, “cost of medicine”)
削(けず)り代(しろ) (kezurishiro, “cutting stock”)
綴(ど)じ代(しろ) (dojishiro, “binding margin”)
取(と)り代(しろ) (torishiro), 取(とり)代(しろ) (torishiro, “portion, one's share”)
縫(ぬ)い代(しろ) (nuishiro, “margin for a seam”)
飲(の)み代(しろ), 飲(のみ)代(しろ), 呑(の)み代(しろ) (nomishiro, “drink money”)
君(きみ)が代(よ) (kimi ga yo, “imperial reign”)
締(し)め代(しろ) (shimeshiro, “interference, jamming”)
身(み)の代(しろ)金(きん), 身(みの)代(しろ)金(きん) (minoshirokin, “ransom”)
バイト代(だい) (baito-dai, “earnings from a part-time job”)
切(きっ)符(ぷ)代(だい) (kippudai, “ticket price”)
化(け)粧(しょう)代(だい) (keshōdai, “lady's pin money”)
研(けん)削(さく)代(しろ) (kensakushiro, “grinding allowance”)
師(し)範(はん)代(だい) (shihandai, “assistant instructor”)
修(じゅう)理(り)代(だい) (jūridai, “cost of repairs”)
手(しゅ)術(じゅつ)代(だい) (shujutsudai, “surgery costs”)
食(しょく)事(じ)代(だい) (shokujidai, “cost of a meal”)
線(せん)香(こう)代(だい) (senkōdai, “fee for a geisha's time”)
洗(せん)濯(たく)代(だい) (sentakudai, “laundry charges”)
昼(ちゅう)食(しょく)代(だい) (chūshokudai, “lunch price”)
治(ち)療(りょう)代(だい) (chiryōdai, “medical fees”)
電(でん)気(き)代(だい) (denkidai, “electric utility expense”)
暖(の)簾(れん)代(だい) (norendai, “goodwill”)
風(ふ)呂(ろ)代(だい) (furodai, “fee charged at a public bath”)
部(へ)屋(や)代(だい) (heyadai, “room rent”)
弁(べん)当(とう)代(だい) (bentōdai, “lunch money”)
御(み)霊(たま)代(しろ) (mitamashiro, “symbol for the spirit of the dead”)
始(し)生(せい)代(だい) (Shiseidai, “Archean”)
原(げん)生(せい)代(だい) (Genseidai, “Proterozoic”)
顕(けん)生(せい)代(だい) (Kenseidai, “Phanerozoic”)
古(こ)生(せい)代(だい) (Koseidai, “Paleozoic”)
中(ちゅう)生(せい)代(だい) (Chūseidai, “Mesozoic”)
新(しん)生(せい)代(だい) (Shinseidai, “Cenozoic”)
大(たい)正(しょう)の代(よ) (Taishō no yo, “Taisho era”)
天(てん)神(じん)七(しち)代(だい) (tenjin-shichidai, “seven generations of celestial deities”)
強(きょう)直(ちょく)間(かん)代(だい)発(ほっ)作(さ) (kyōchoku-kandai-hossa, “tonic-clonic seizure”)
千(せん)九(きゅう)百(ひゃく)年(ねん)代(だい), １９００(せんきゅうひゃく)年(ねん)代(だい) (senkyūhyaku-nen dai, “the 1900s”)
明(めい)治(じ)天(てん)皇(のう)の代(よ)に (Meiji tennō no yo ni, “under Emperor Meiji's rule”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
代
しろ Grade: 3
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) しろ (Odaka – )
IPA^(key):

Noun

代(しろ) • (shiro)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
代
よ Grade: 3
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 代 – see the following entry.

【世よ】3

world, society

this world, this life

(archaic) generation, age, era

lifetime

lifespan

time of year, season

relationship between a man and a woman

period of a person leading as a patriarch (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

(This term, 代, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
代
だい Grade: 3
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 代 (MC dojH).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) だい (Atamadaka – )
IPA^(key):

Noun

代(だい) • (dai)

price
generation of a family
reign of a royal
decade
era

Counter

代(だい) • (-dai)

generation of a royal family
era, age, decade

Suffix

代(だい) • (-dai)

charge, fare, rate, fee, price, rent
服(ふく)代(だい)
fuku-dai
money spent on clothes; clothes money

お菓子(かし)代(だい)
o-kashi-dai
snack money; snack fee
(indicating years spanning a specific period) -ies, -hundreds

Alternative forms

(period of time): 台

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 代 (MC dojH).

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean ᄄᆡᆼ〮 (Yale: ttóy) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean ᄃᆡ〯 (tǒy) (Yale: tǒy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): ~
Phonetic hangul:
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

代

Wikisource

代 (eumhun 대신할 대 (daesinhal dae))
代 (eumhun 세대 대 (sedae dae))

Hanja form^? of 대 (“to replace”).
Hanja form^? of 대 (“generation”).

Compounds

고대 (古代, godae)
교대 (交代, gyodae)
근대 (近代, geundae)
당대 (當代, dangdae)
대가 (代價, daega)
대리 (代理, daeri)
현대 (現代, hyeondae)
대사 (代謝, daesa)
대행 (代行, daehaeng)
대역 (代役, daeyeok)
대체 (代替, daeche)
대표 (代表, daepyo)
시대 (時代, sidae)
역대 (歷代, yeokdae)
연대 (年代, yeondae)
대금 (代金, daegeum)
대신 (代身, daesin, “instead”)
세대 (世代, sedae, “generation”)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Vietnamese

Wikious

Boobota

Sagapedia