秘密

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See also: 祕密

Chinese

secret
 
secret; confidential; close
secret; confidential; close; thick; dense
trad. (秘密/祕密) 秘/祕 密
simp. (秘密) 秘 密

Pronunciation

Note: Initial of first syllable is irregular (due to assimilation).
Rime
Character 秘 密
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1) 明 (4)
Final (韻) 脂 (17) 質 (49)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 兵媚切 美畢切
Baxter pijH mit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pˠiɪH/ /mˠiɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pᵚiH/ /mᵚit̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/piɪH/ /miet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pjiH/ /mjit̚/
Li
Rong 		/pjiH/ /mjĕt̚/
Wang
Li 		/piH/ /mĭĕt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/piH/ /mi̯ĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bì mì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bei3 mat6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 密
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		mì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ mit ›
Old
Chinese 		/*mri/
English dense

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. * as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 秘 密
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 553 591
Phonetic
component 		必 必
Rime
group 		至 質
Rime
subdivision 		2 2
Corresponding
MC rime 		祕 密
Old
Chinese 		/*mpriɡs/ /*mriɡ/
Notes 祕注俗字

Noun

秘密

  1. secret (knowledge that is hidden)
    保守秘密  ―  bǎoshǒu mìmì  ―  to keep a secret
    商業秘密／商业秘密  ―  shāngyè mìmì  ―  trade secret
    掌握國家秘密／掌握国家秘密  ―  zhǎngwò guójiā mìmì  ―  to hold state secrets

Synonyms

Adjective

秘密

  1. secret (being or kept hidden)
    秘密結社／秘密结社  ―  mìmì jiéshè  ―  secret society
    秘密文件  ―  mìmì wénjiàn  ―  secret documents

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (祕密／秘密 (mìmì)):

Others:

See also

Japanese

Kanji in this term
秘 密
ひ
Grade: 6 		みつ
Grade: 6
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
祕密 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

Adjective

秘(ひ)密(みつ) • (himitsu) -na (adnominal 秘(ひ)密(みつ)な (himitsu na), adverbial 秘(ひ)密(みつ)に (himitsu ni))

  1. secret

Inflection

Inflection of 秘密
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 秘密だろ ひみつだろ himitsu daro
Continuative (連用形) 秘密で ひみつで himitsu de
Terminal (終止形) 秘密だ ひみつだ himitsu da
Attributive (連体形) 秘密な ひみつな himitsu na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 秘密なら ひみつなら himitsu nara
Imperative (命令形) 秘密であれ ひみつであれ himitsu de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 秘密ではない
秘密じゃない 		ひみつではない
ひみつじゃない 		himitsu de wa nai
himitsu ja nai
Informal past 秘密だった ひみつだった himitsu datta
Informal negative past 秘密ではなかった
秘密じゃなかった 		ひみつではなかった
ひみつじゃなかった 		himitsu de wa nakatta
himitsu ja nakatta
Formal 秘密です ひみつです himitsu desu
Formal negative 秘密ではありません
秘密じゃありません 		ひみつではありません
ひみつじゃありません 		himitsu de wa arimasen
himitsu ja arimasen
Formal past 秘密でした ひみつでした himitsu deshita
Formal negative past 秘密ではありませんでした
秘密じゃありませんでした 		ひみつではありませんでした
ひみつじゃありませんでした 		himitsu de wa arimasen deshita
himitsu ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 秘密で ひみつで himitsu de
Conditional 秘密なら（ば） ひみつなら（ば） himitsu nara (ba)
Provisional 秘密だったら ひみつだったら himitsu dattara
Volitional 秘密だろう ひみつだろう himitsu darō
Adverbial 秘密に ひみつに himitsu ni
Degree 秘密さ ひみつさ himitsusa
Classical conjugation of "秘密なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 秘密なら ひみつなら fimitunara
Continuative (連用形) 秘密に
秘密なり		 ひみつに
ひみつなり		 fimituni
fimitunari
Terminal (終止形) 秘密なり ひみつなり fimitunari
Attributive (連体形) 秘密なる ひみつなる fimitunaru
Realis (已然形) 秘密なれ ひみつなれ fimitunare
Imperative (命令形) 秘密なれ ひみつなれ fimitunare
Key constructions
Negative 秘密ならず ひみつならず fimitunarazu
Contrasting conjunction 秘密なれど ひみつなれど fimitunaredo
Causal conjunction 秘密なれば ひみつなれば fimitunareba
Conditional conjunction 秘密ならば ひみつならば fimitunaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 秘密なりき ひみつなりき fimitunariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 秘密なりけり ひみつなりけり fimitunarikeri
Adverbial 秘密に ひみつに fimituni
Without auxiliary verb.
With auxiliary verb.

Noun

秘(ひ)密(みつ) or 秘密(ヒミツ) • (himitsu) 

  1. secret
    ハリー・ポッターと秘(ひ)密(みつ)の部(へ)屋(や)
    Harī Pottā to Himitsu no Heya
    Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets

Usage notes

More formal than 内緒(ないしょ) (naisho), though both can be used in casual setting.

Synonyms

See also

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
秘密

Noun

秘密 • (bimil) (hangeul 비밀)

  1. Hanja form? of 비밀 (“secret”).

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
秘密

Noun

秘密

  1. chữ Hán form of bí mật (“secret”).
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