Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/baitijaną

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 This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *bītaną (“to bite”) +‎ *-janą. The meaning to restrain most likely developed from making horses bite down on a piece of metal connected to the reins that were used to direct the animal.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbɑi̯.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*baitijaną[1]

  1. to make bite
  2. to make graze
  3. to restrain, to rein in, to bridle

Inflection

Conjugation of *baitijaną (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *baitijō *baitijaų — *baitijai ?
2nd singular *baitīsi *baitijais *baitī *baitijasai *baitijaisau
3rd singular *baitīþi *baitijai *baitijaþau *baitijaþai *baitijaiþau
1st dual *baitijōs *baitijaiw — — —
2nd dual *baitijaþiz *baitijaiþiz *baitijaþiz — —
1st plural *baitijamaz *baitijaim — *baitijanþai *baitijainþau
2nd plural *baitīþ *baitijaiþ *baitīþ *baitijanþai *baitijainþau
3rd plural *baitijanþi *baitijain *baitijanþau *baitijanþai *baitijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *baitidǭ *baitidēdį̄
2nd singular *baitidēz *baitidēdīz
3rd singular *baitidē *baitidēdī
1st dual *baitidēdū *baitidēdīw
2nd dual *baitidēdudiz *baitidēdīdiz
1st plural *baitidēdum *baitidēdīm
2nd plural *baitidēdud *baitidēdīd
3rd plural *baitidēdun *baitidēdīn
present past
participles *baitijandz *baitidaz

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*baitjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 33
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