Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₃reyH-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Extended from *h₃er- (“to move, stir”).

*h₃reyH-^{[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]}

1. to move, set in motion
2. to flow, stream (of water); to pour, rain
3. to boil, churn

• *h₃reyH-dʰh₁é-ti (dʰh₁-present)^[11]
  • ⇒ *h₃réy(H)dʰh₁eti (thematic present)
    • Proto-Celtic: *reideti^[12]
      • Old Irish: réidid (“to ride, drive”)
        • Middle Irish: réidid
    • Proto-Germanic: *rīdaną (“to ride; to move, rock, swing”)^[13] (see there for further descendants)
  • ⇒ *h₃roydʰh₁-éye-ti (causative)
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ráidīˀtei?^[11]
      • Eastern Baltic:
        • Latvian: raĩdît, raîdît (“to send hastily, urge, hurry”)
  • ⇒ *h₃rey(H)dʰh₁-éh₁(ye)-ti
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *reidḗˀtei?
      • Eastern Baltic:
        • Lithuanian: riedė́ti (“to roll”)
  • ⇒ *h₃rey(H)dʰh₁-os
    • Proto-Celtic: *reidos (“ride”, noun)^[14]
      • ⇒ Proto-Celtic: *uɸoreidos (“horse”) (see there for further descendants)
      • Old Irish: ríad (“riding, driving, voyage”)
      • Gaulish: rēda (“chariot”)
  • ⇒ *h₃roy(H)dʰh₁-eh₂
    • Proto-Germanic: *raidō (“ride, journey”) (see there for further descendants)
  • ⇒ *h₃roy(H)dʰh₁-ó-s or *h₃roydʰh₁-u-s (adj.)
    • >? Proto-Balto-Slavic: *raidás or *raidus
      • Eastern Baltic:
        • Lithuanian: raidù (“swift, quick”)
  • ⇒ *h₃rey(H)dʰh₁-s-mn̥
    • Proto-Celtic: *reidsman (> *reissman)^[15]
      • Old Irish: réimm (“movement, course”)
• *h₃ri-né-H-ti ~ *h₃ri-n-H-énti (nasal-infix present)^[2][16]
  • Proto-Albanian: *rinja^[16]
    • Albanian: rij
    • Gheg Albanian: rîj
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Proto-Slavic: *rìnǫti (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Germanic: *rinnaną (see there for further descendants) (or from *h₃ri-néw-ti)^[3]
  • >? Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ὀρῑ́νω (orī́nō)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HrináHti
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HrináHti
      • Sanskrit: रिणाति (riṇā́ti)
  • >? Proto-Indo-European: *h₃ri-n-H-o-s (or =*h₃riH-nó-s; see below)
    • Proto-Albanian: *rina^[17]
• *h₃réy(H)-ti-s ~ *h₃riH-téy-s
  • Proto-Germanic: *rīþiz (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HriHtíš
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HriHtíṣ
      • Sanskrit: रीति (rītí)
• *h₃reyH-trom
  • Proto-Celtic: *reyatrom (see there for further descendants)
• *h₃roy(H)-k-eh₂
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Proto-Slavic: *rě̄kà (see there for further descendants)
• *h₃róyH-o-s
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Proto-Slavic: *ròjь (see there for further descendants)
  • >? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hráyas
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hráyas
      • Sanskrit: रय (ráya)
• *h₃riH-yé-ti (yé-present)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HriHyáti (see there for further descendants)
• *h₃riH-mó-s
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HriHmás
    • Proto-Iranian: *HriHmáh
      • Khotanese: (rrīma)
      • Middle Persian:
        • Persian: ریم (rim)
      • Sogdian: (rym)
      • Pashto: (rəma), (rima)
• *h₃riH-nó-s
  • Proto-Celtic: *reinos (“river, waterway”) (see there for further descendants)
• *h₃riH-tó-s
  • Proto-Italic: *rītos
    • ⇒ Latin: irrītō (see there for further descendants)
• *h₃réy(H)-t-os ~ *h₃réy(H)-t-es-os
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hráytas
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hráytas
      • Sanskrit: रेतस् (rétas)
• *h₃riH-wó-s
  • Proto-Italic: *rīwos
    • Latin: rīvus (see there for further descendants)
• >? *h₃royH-e-ti
  • >? Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ráiˀtei
    • Proto-Slavic: *rě̀jati (“to move quickly, push forward?”) (see there for further descendants)
• >? *h₃riH-n-do-s
  • Proto-Celtic: *rinnos
    • Proto-Brythonic:
      • Cornish: rynny
      • Middle Welsh: rin
    • Middle Irish: renn