Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/sed-

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 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

    Root

    *sed- (perfective)[1][2][3]

    1. to sit

    Derived terms

    Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sed- (57 c, 0 e)
    • *sédt ~ *sdént (athematic root aorist)
    • *sí-sd-e-ti (thematic i-reduplicated present)
    • *séd-e-ti (thematic root present)
      • Proto-Celtic: *sedeti (see there for further descendants)
    • *sed-s- (sigmatic aorist)
    • *séd-ye-ti (ye-present)
    • *sod-éye-ti (“to set”, causative)
    • *sed-éh₁-ye-ti (eh₁-stative)
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *sēdḗˀtei (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Italic: *sedēō < earlier *sedējō (see there for further descendants)
    • *sed-éh₂-ye-ti (eh₂-factitive)
    • *se-sód-e ~ *se-sd-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)[2]
    • *ḱye-sd-é-ti (< perhaps originally meaning sit/set here)
      • Proto-Italic: *kezdō
        • Latin: cēdō (see there for further descendants)
    • *sēd-s, *sed-es (root noun)[4]
    • *sed-ti-
      • Proto-Hellenic: *hétstis
      • Proto-Italic:
        • Latin: sessiō (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *sḗˀstei (see there for further descendants)
    • *séd-os ~ *séd-es
    • *sod-ó- (< with affected meanings perhaps similar to set out)
    • *sōd-o-
      • Welsh: sawdd (“sinking, immersion”)
      • Proto-Germanic: *sōtą (“soot”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *sod-yom (“seat”)
      • Proto-Celtic: *sodyom
      • Proto-Italic: *sodjom
        • Latin: solium (“throne, bath-tub, sarcophagus”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *sod-dʰo-s
    • *sed-lo- (“seat”)[5]
      • Proto-Armenian:
      • Proto-Celtic: *sedlom (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Germanic: *setlaz (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Hellenic: *héllā
      • Proto-Italic: *sedlā
        • Latin: sella (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Slavic: *sědlo (see there for further descendants)
    • *sé(d)-tlom
      • Proto-Germanic: *seþlą
        • Proto-West Germanic: *seþl (“seat, sitting”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *sed-tlóm ~ *sed-tróm
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *satˢtrám (“sacrificial gathering”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *sod-tlō-
      • Proto-Germanic: *sadulaz (see there for further descendants)
    • *sed-tós (“seated”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *sed-ro-
    • *sed-yeh₂
      • Proto-Albanian: *sedjā
        • Albanian: gjazë (“riverside forest”)
    • *ni-sd-ós (“nest”)
    • *pí-sd-eh₂ (“vulva”)
    • Unsorted formations:
      • Armenian:
        • (possibly) Old Armenian: զիստ (zist)
        • (possibly) Old Armenian: առիճ (aṙič)
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Proto-Hellenic:
      • Proto-Germanic: *sētiz (“possible to sit on”) (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Germanic: *sētō (“place, position; ambush”) (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Germanic: *sētiją (“seat”)
        • Old Norse: sæti (“seat”)
        • Old English: sǣte (“seat”) (possibly borrowed from Old Norse)

    Descendants

    • Proto-Indo-Iranian:

    Further reading

    References

    1. ^ Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 590-600
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*sed-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 513-15
    3. ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
    4. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “*sedeō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7)‎, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
    5. ^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1988) The Proto-Indo-European Instrument Noun Suffix *-tlom and its Variants (Historisk-filosofiske Meddelelser; 55), Copenhagen: Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, →ISBN, page 13: “2.7. *sed-lah₂ (and *sed-lo-) “seat””
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